【摘要】 迄今为止,美俄两国已向空间发射了80多台空间核电源(包括同位素电池和反应堆电源)。重点回顾了20世纪放射性同位素电池的研发历史和空间发射现状;概括介绍了目前放射性同位素温差发电器(RTG)业已达到的技术水平和提高热电转换效率的最近动向;综述了美国、俄罗斯和欧洲航天局在21世纪初期(20001/2015)使用RTG的空间和太阳系探索计划,展现了RTG的广阔应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Up to now, more than 80 spacecrafts with nuclear power systems including radioisotope power and reactor power are launched by USA and Russia. This paper retrospects to the developing history and usage status of radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) used in space in the 20th century. The technical level of RTG and the recent trends of raising the efficiency of thermoelectric conversion are summarized. The space and solar system exploration programs with RTG for USA, Russia and ESA early in the 21st century (2001/2015) are generally described. It shows that the wide prospect of RTG’s application.更多还原