【摘要】 通过在1mol·L^-1H₂SO₄溶液和1mol·L^-1Na₂CO₃溶液中,PTFE处理的碳布电极的阴极极化（析氢）曲线和阳极极化（析氧）曲线行为研究,发现在酸性介质中,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（HTMAB）对碳布电极上氧的析出有明显的促进作用,不仅表现为氧析出电流密度成倍增大,更表现为氧析出电位负移1.0V。碱性介质中,HTMAB对碳布电极上氧析出也有促进作用,但不如酸性介质中显著,此外,HTMAB对碳布电极上氢气析出几乎无任何影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper the authors have presented water electrolysis on carbon electrodes enhanced by a cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, i.e. , HTMAB. Regardless of reduction or evolution, the activation barrier of oxygen reaction on an electrode consists of two parts, one from the difference of electrochemical potentials between O₂ and O₂^-, the other from the reorganization of solvents H₂O following the change between O₂ and O₂^-. The solvent reorganization barrier is estimated to be the dominant contribution to the overall activation barrier. In order to lower the solvent reorganization barrier of oxygen evolution, HTMAB was introduced into the water electrolysis based on a PTFE-treated carbon electrode. It has demonstrated that the oxygen evolution on carbon electrodes in 1 mol·L^-1 H₂SO₄ was enhanced by a factor of 2.8 to 3.5. Besides, the potential of O₂ beginning evolution shifts 1.0 V toward the negative potential with the addition of HTMAB in 1 mol·L^-1H₂SO₄. The enhancement effect of HTMAB on oxygen evolution was also observed in 1 mol·L^-1 Na₂CO₃. The enhanced effect of HTMAB in 1 mol·L^-1 Na₂CO₃, however, is not as markedly as that in 1 mol·L-1 H₂SO₄. The addition of HTMAB is almost free from hydrogen evolution. Accordingly, water electrolysis is accelerated by the enhancement of oxygen evolution by means of introduction of HTMAB.更多还原