【摘要】 列宁于1905年创立的民主集中制,旨在克服社会民主工党内存在的无政府主义和极端民主化思潮的影响,以凝聚全党的意志,推翻沙皇专制统治。俄国共产党夺取全国政权并成为唯一的执政党后,列宁为避免党的民主集中制偏离民主的轨道而演变成官僚机构,对党的领导体制进行了一系列重大改革。列宁逝世之后,由于种种原因,民主集中制逐渐异化为权力集中制和个人专制,使社会主义事业在世界范围内严重受挫。认真反思民主集中制近百年的历史,探寻其规律,对中国共产党党内民主建设、中国特色社会主义民主政治建设和中国长治久安,具有重大的理论意义和实践意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The democratic centralism was founded by Lenin in 1905 for the purposes of clearing up the influence of the ideological trend of anarchism and ultrademocracy existing in the Social Democratic Labour Party and seeking unity of thinking within the whole party to overthrow the rule of tsarist autocracy.Lenin conducted a series of great reforms to the leading system of the party aimed at stopping the democratic centralism deviating from the democratic track and developing into a bureaucratic apparatus after the Russian Communist Party seized the the state power and became the only ruling party.But the democratic centralism was gradually alienated into the centralism of power and the individual autocracy for various reasons which thwarted the socialist cause in the whole world after Lenin passed away.Seriously self-examining the history of the democratic centralism in the recent century and searching for its law possess both theoretical and practical significance to the democratic construction of the Chinese Communist party?the construction of the democratic politics of the socialism with Chinese features and the lasting political stability of China.更多还原