【摘要】 目前,灰鹤在全国除广东、广西、福建、海南、香港、澳门和台湾外,其余的23个省区及北京、天津和上海3个直辖市均有分布。与历史分布比较,近20年来,中国灰鹤分布的总区域正在缩小,小区分布日渐现增多。中国灰鹤的夏季分布约在北纬32°20′—53°,东经76°—135°范围,垂直分布海拔65—3900m;涉及的行政省区分别有新疆、甘肃、内蒙、黑龙江、吉林、宁夏和四川若尔盖。其中,分布在新疆巴音布鲁克盆地的灰鹤种群达920—1150只,是目前中国记录的最大灰鹤繁殖度夏种群。中国灰鹤的越冬分布约在北纬22°90′—40°30′,东经87°50′—121°90′范围,垂直分布海拔0—3350m;涉及的行政省区分别有辽宁、河北、北京、天津、河南、山东、山西、陕西、江苏、上海、湖北、湖南、江西、贵州、云南、西藏、四川,及其宁夏的青铜峡黄河滩等地。其中在西藏、云南、贵州、山西、河南、河北、山东和江苏越冬的灰鹤种群,多数年份均超过千只。在20世纪末进入21世纪之际,我们研究推测灰鹤在中国越冬的种群总数不会少于22401只;全国灰鹤的种群结构,成鸟可能占60 03%,亚成鸟可能占22 36%,幼鸟可能占17 14%,总体属稳定增长型种群。更多还原

【Abstract】 Common crane (Grus grus) has been recorded in Beijing,Tianjin, Shanghai and 23 provinces of China. Over the past 20 years, the range of common crane has been reduced in China.At present, the breeding and summering range of common crane in china is 32°20′-53° N and 76°-135° E, with an altitude of 65-3900m above sea level, in Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Ningxia, and Sichuan. Among them, Bayinbuluke Basin of Xinjiang supports the largest breeding and summering population of common crane, about 920-1150, in China.The wintering range of common crane in China is 22°90′-40°30′ N and 87°50′-121°90′ E, with an altitude of 0-3350m above sea level. Provinces with wintering common crane in China include Liaoning, Heibei, Beijing, Tianjing, Hennan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Sichuan, and Ningxia. In Tibet, Yunnan,Guizhou, Shanxi, Henan, Shangdong, Hebei, and Jiangxi, over a thousand common cranes have been recorded at individual sites for many years.We have estimated that the total wintering population of common cranes in China will not be less than 22401. The population structure of common crane in China is as follows: the adults constituting 60.03% of the total, the sub-adults 22.36%, and the juvenile 17.14%, which shows that the overall population is steadily increasing.更多还原