【摘要】 利用卫星上携带的闪电探测仪所获取的8年闪电资料,对我国闪电活动的空间分布、季节变化和日变化等特征进行了分析。结果表明:按照闪电活动的频繁程度在空间上可以将我国大致分为与太平洋海岸平行的4条闪电活动带:即近海区域、中部区域、西部区域和西部边境区域。其中,东南近海区域是我国闪电活动最频繁的地区,并向西北地区逐渐减弱,而西部地区则是我国闪电活动最弱的地区。我国的闪电活动呈现出明显的季节变化和日变化,平均而言,闪电活动主要集中在夏季(约占全年总闪电活动的68%),并以8月份最为活跃,春季次之(约占全年总闪电活动的24%),然后是秋季,冬季最弱,并在11月份出现闪电活动的最小值。在各个季节,随着纬度的减小闪电活动呈现出明显增大的趋势。闪电活动的日变化表明,我国的闪电活动绝大多数发生在午后至傍晚时分,这也与对流活动相对应,而少数地区发生在夜间。更多还原

【Abstract】 The spatial distribution, seasonal and diurnal variations of lightning activities in China are examined by using the eight years (from April 1995 throughout March 2003) observation data from the optical sensors on satellites. The result indicates that there are four belts of lightning activities that run parallel to the seashore: Near to the sea region, middle region, western region, and western boundary region of China. The flash densities in southeastern seaboard is the highest, and it is gradually decreasing to western region of China, so that in western region is the lowest. The lightning activities clearly show seasonal and diurnal variations in China. On the average, the summer is the main lightning activity season with a percentage of 68 in a whole year lightning activity, spring season follows with a percentage of 24, then autumn, and the minimum lightning activity season is winter. The maximum Lightning activity is in August, and the mimimum is in November. There is a clear tendency that lightning activities increase with the decreasing of latitude in every season. It is shown that lightning activities in China primarily occur between afternoon and early evening, and a few lighting occurs during nighttime.更多还原