【摘要】 在我国北方半湿润偏旱区的山西省寿阳旱农试验区,经过长达10a的定位试验结果表明,施肥可使水分利用效率明显提高,是不施肥处理的2.25倍;旱地玉米产量和水分利用效率,同时受生育期降水量和播前土壤贮水量两个因素的影响。干旱年份,玉米产量的提高更依赖于土壤水分、养分的协调供应,施肥的增产效果受到土壤水分亏缺的限制,合理施肥、培肥土壤、保蓄水分,可增强旱地玉米抵御干旱的能力;丰水年份和正常年份,肥料的增产作用得到充分发挥,丰水年份应注意蓄水保墒。更多还原

【Abstract】 The field experiment was conducted in the sub-humid region in Shouyang, Shanxi province to detect the effect of fertilizer application and rainfall distribution on yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of maize. The 10-year results indicated that balanced fertilization helped to improve WUE of maize. Compared to no fertilizer application, fertilization practices increased WUE by 2.25 times. The yield and WUE of maize were depended on soil moisture at seeding stage and rainfall distribution during growth period. In drought years, yield increase from balanced fertilizer was affected by the coordination supply of soil water and nutrients, and the response of yield increase to fertilization was limited by the soil water deficiency. Moreover, the drought resistance of maize could be improved through some practices such as balanced fertilization and water conserving measures. In rainy and normal years, fertilizer brought more yield increase and water conservation should be paid more attentions.更多还原