【摘要】 目的为寻找一种既合乎鼻腔生理要求、又具有较好灭菌能力的鼻黏膜消毒剂 ,以期在临床上推广应用。方法选用 2 %红汞、0 5 %络合碘、0 1%新洁尔灭三种黏膜消毒剂作鼻腔内抑菌试验、体外抑菌试验以及消毒剂对SD大白鼠鼻黏膜的实验室观察。结果通过三种黏膜消毒剂作鼻腔内抑菌试验、体外抑菌试验 ,筛选出 2 %红汞、0 5 %络合碘均适合鼻腔黏膜消毒 ,并观察其对大白鼠鼻黏膜可能的组织形态学损害及其程度。一次向大白鼠鼻腔滴入红汞 0 2～ 0 5ml后 2 4h ,光镜下黏膜上皮及固有膜有明显损害 ,72h后开始修复 ,7d后基本恢复正常 ;透射电镜下 2 4h有细胞超微结构变化 ,72h后恢复正常。同法滴入 0 5 %络合碘后 2 4h ,光镜下仅有轻微损害 ,72h已恢复正常 ;电镜下细胞超微结构无变化。结论 2 %红汞对鼻黏膜有一过性损害 ,0 5 %络合碘对鼻黏膜则无明显损害。作为消毒剂 ,络合碘更符合鼻腔生理要求更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To find out a kind of nasal mucous membrane disinfectant, which can not only satisfy the physiological demands of nasal cavity but also posses better anti-bacterial effect for clinical uses. Methods Three kinds of disinfectants, 2% merbromin, 0.5% Iodophor and 0.1% Benzalkonium, were selected for anti-bacterial test both in vivo and vitro, and observe the effects of disinfectants on rats nasal mucous membrane. Results The screening studies showed that 2% Merbromin and 0.5% Iodophor were suitable for nasal cavity mucous membrane disinfection. Further research was continued to observe the possible histomorphological damages and its degree on rats nasal mucous by Merbromin and Iodophor. 24 hours after nasal instillation with 0.2～0.5 ml 2% Merbromin once, Mucosal epithelia and inherent lamina exhibited significant damages under light microscopy observation. Repairment started after 72 hours and fundamentally recovered on the seventh day. Changes of cellular structure appeared after 24 hours under Tem and recovered after 72 hours. Using the same method to instill Iodophor, only slight damage could be seen under light microscopy and recovered after 72 hours. No ultrastructural changes emerged under TEM. Conclusions 2% Merbromin has transient damage to nasal mucous membrane. 0.5% Idophor has no significant damage to nasal cavity, its’ a suitable disinfectant for nasal cavity disinfection.更多还原