【摘要】 【目的】　了解广西贫困农村新生儿窒息死亡变化趋势 ,提出干预对策。　【方法】　以整群随机抽样方法 ,对 1995～ 2 0 0 1年广西 3 0个贫困县 2 5 .93万活产新生儿进行新生儿窒息死亡监测。　【结果】　广西农村新生儿窒息死亡率下降显著 ,从 1995年的 749.2 /10 5降至 2 0 0 1年的 5 13 .6/10 5,降低了 3 1.4%( χ2 =13 .75 7,P <0 .0 0 1)。出生窒息是广西贫困农村新生儿死亡的第一位死因 ,是同期广西城市新生儿窒息死亡率的 4.2倍。 7年中 ,窒息死亡占新生儿总死亡比增加了 6.4%( χ2 =7.15 4,P <0 .0 1) ,同期新生儿死亡占婴儿总死亡比增加了 9.7%( χ2 =19.60 ,P<0 .0 0 1) ,婴儿死亡占 0～ 4岁儿总死亡比增加了 2 2 .2 %( χ2 =13 5 .5 9,P <0 .0 0 1)。住院分娩、产前检查率与新生儿窒息死亡率呈高度负相关 (P均 <0 .0 2 5 )。　【结论】　农村是降低新生儿窒息死亡的关键地区。继续增加农村妇幼保健公共卫生项目的投入 ,提高围生期监护急救技术水平和住院分娩率是降低新生儿窒息死亡率的主要对策更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the changing trend of death among neonate with asphyxia, and propose countermeasure of intervention in impoverished rural area of Guangxi An monitoring survey on death among neonate with asphyxia covering 25.93 ten thousands neonate of live birth for 30 impoverished counties of Guangxi, by the way of cluster random sampling method. The mortality rate among neonate with asphyxia in impoverished rural area of Guangxi reduce was 31.4%(χ 2=13.757, P <0.001) during 1995～2001. The most important cause of neonatal death was neonate asphyxia in Guangxi to impoverished rural areas,4.2 times as high as the cities in same period. The constitutional proportion for cause of death with asphyxia in overall death among neonate came 23.4% in 1995 to 29.8% in 2001,increased 6.4% ( χ 2=7.154, P <0.01). During the same period, the neonatal mortatity rate descend 21.6%,the constitutional proportion of death among neonate and infants in overall death came 60.7% in 1995 to 70.4% in 2001, increased 9.7% ( χ 2=19.60,P <0.001). The constitutional proportion of death among infants and 0～4 years child in overall death came 60.1% in 1995 to 83.1% in 2001 increased 22.2%(χ 2=135.39, P <0.001).During 1995～2001,the parturient rate in hospital, an antenatal examination rate remarkably and negativly correleted to the neonatal mortality rate of asphyxias ( P <0.025).[Conclusions] The key region of reduce neonatal mortality rate with asphyxia is rural area. The leading countermeasure of reducing neonate mortality rate with asphyxia should continually increase the investment for project of public hygiene in maternal and child health care, and upgrade technical level of perinatal guardianship and first aid, and heighten childbirth rate in hospital of rural area.更多还原