【摘要】 白垩纪并非一直处于温室气候状态,存在着冰室气候间断。白垩纪古海洋气候也是如此。通过收集已经发表的古海洋气候资料,综合分析研究显示,该期全球古海洋气候可以分为早白垩世低温气候、中白垩世温室气候、晚白垩世冰室气候3个阶段;早白垩世可进一步识别K₁-Ⅰ温暖干燥气候、K₁-Ⅱ冷湿气候、K₁-Ⅲ温暖气候回升3个次级变化旋回;中白垩世整体处于温暖状态,不过,虽然极热气候在全球出现和结束的时间不尽一致,但总体上出现在赛诺曼一土仑期,局部地区如赤道太平洋早可以在阿尔布期,南极地区晚可推迟到晚白垩世坎潘早期;晚白垩世可划分为K₃-Ⅰ大幅降温冰室期、K₃-Ⅱ浅幅气候回升期、K₃-Ⅲ低温冰室期、K₃-Ⅳ短暂温室期4个次级气候变化旋回。还介绍了白垩纪古海洋温度计、冷赤道与低温度梯度、中白垩世黑色页岩、气候变冷及旋回、大气CO₂作用几方面重大问题,并做了简要讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 As we know, there had been in "greenhouse" climate in Cretaceous which was interrupted by "icehouse" climate in some epochs of beth Early and Late Cretaceous. So had been in the Cretaceous paleoceanographic climate. By analysis based on compile of Cretaceous paleoceanographic climate materials, it is proposed that there are three paleoclimatic periods recognized as Early Cretaceous low temperature, Middle Cretaceous greenhouse, and Late Cretaceous icehouse. Three subdividions of climatic evolution in the Early Cretaceous can be classifted as K₁-Ⅰ—warm and dry, K₁-Ⅱ—cool and wet, K₁Ⅲ—rewanning. It had almost been in warm in the Middie Cretaceous, in which the extreme climate could have happened in Cenomanian through/or Turonian although there are some horizontal exceptions of starting and ending extreme warm somewhere, for instance, the extreme warm began at Albian in equatorial Pacific and ended at Campanian in Antarctic. The evolution of paleoceanographic climate in the Late Cretaceous can be subdivided into four cylces as K₃-Ⅰ—icehouse with great falling temperature, K₃-Ⅱ—rewarming in fewer increasing temperature, K₃-Ⅲ—lower temperature icehouse, K₃-Ⅳ—short-term greenhouse. Othermore, we made a biref introduction and discussions for paleoceanographic climate on temperature proxy, cooler equator with low temperature gradient, paleoclimate cooling cylces, Middle Cretaceous black shale, and greenhouse gas CO₂ on climate change.更多还原