【摘要】 氨氮是目前地表水和地下水的一个重要污染源 .室内试验选用 3种天然砂土作为渗透介质 ,以生活污水模拟污染河水 ,经过近 1 0个月的土柱试验 ,发现氨氮在粗砂中第 1 7天达吸附饱和 ,第 1 8— 1 4 0天去除率小于 1 0 % ,在中砂中第 1 30—1 4 0天吸附饱和 ,以后均发生解吸出水浓度大于进水浓度 .野外实验凉水河的氨氮浓度为 4 6 .86mg/L和 2 6 .95mg/L时 ,地下水的氨氮浓度均小于 1 .1 0mg/L ,表明凉水河对地下水的实际影响不如室内大 ,原因是底泥、河床下部渗透介质的厚度和岩性以及河水渗漏量的影响 .排污河还清试验表明 ,排污河清淤、灌入清水后 ,会很明显地把排污河下部渗透介质中的氨氮带到地下水中 ,造成地下水的二次污染更多还原

【Abstract】 NH₄-N pollution in surface water and groundwater is currently very severe. Experiment simulation of NH₄-N migration was carried out in a column filled with three kinds of natural sand under the reflux of domestic sewage. Adsorption saturation of NH₄-N in the column was reached within 17 days for the coarse sand and 130-140 days for the medium sand, suggesting the easiness of NH₄-N migration to groundwater. However, the field test in Liangshui River and its groundwater is incompatible with the experimental observation. When the concentration of NH₄-N reached 46.86 and 26.95 mg/L in Liangshui River, the groundwater has a NH₄-N concentration of less than 1.10 mg/L. The little influence of Liangshui River on the groundwater NH₄-N was attributed to the bottom mud, the thickness and character of the infiltration media underlying the river bed as well as the seepage quantity of the river. Importantly, the NH₄-N absorbed by the penetration media underlying the sewage-received river would be transported into the groundwater after addition of clean water and cleanup of the mud, causing a secondary pollution of groundwater.更多还原