【摘要】 湿地植被的恢复与人工调控是恢复生态学研究的热点问题之一 ,建立湿地大型植物生长的控制模型 ,能为此提供一种理论模式 .在湿地植物群落中 ,植物种间的相互作用关系较为复杂 ,在植物生长的不同阶段显现为互利、竞争或相互独立 .基于此我们对 Shukla提出的湿地植物生长模型进行了改进 ,建立了一种能够反映种间复杂作用机制 包括互利与竞争 的新模型 .以植物的生物量为描述变量 ,用统计方法确定了模型参数 ,对实例进行了计算机模拟与数值分析 ,并研究了植物生长系统的稳定性 .结果表明 :1新模型能有效地描述湿地植物种间互利或竞争作用 ,优于只考虑种间竞争作用的 Shukla模型 ;2对植物生长过程的计算机模拟结果和图像显示 ,在较低生物量水平上 ,种间显现互利关系 ;在较高生物量水平上 ,种间发生竞争作用 ,竞争的结局为一种植物占优势 ,而另一种植物趋于灭亡 ,这些与实际观测结果是一致的 ;3对系统进行了稳定性分析 ;4根据数值模拟结果 ,提出了湿地恢复的人工调控对策与建议更多还原

【Abstract】 The rehabilitation together with the manned adjustment and control of the vegetation in wetlands is one of the hot problems in restoration ecology research and hence establishing some control models of the macrophytes in wetlands can provide a kind of theoretical pattern for it.In the flora in wetlands,the interactions between plant species are rather complex,which appear as mutual benefit,competition or independence one another in the different growth phases of plants.Based on the above arguments,we modified the growth model of the plants in the wetland brought forward by Shukla and established a new model which can reflect intricacy process mechanisms between species including mutual benefit and competition.Using the biomass of plants as describing variables,we fixed on the parameters of the model by the statistic method,made computer simulation and numerical analysis of the examples,and investigated the stability of the growth system of plants.The results show that:① The new model can describe the mutual benefit and competition between the plant species in the wetland efficiently excelling the Shuklas model which considers only the competition between species;② The results and pictures of the computer simulation of the plants growth process show that the interaction between species appears to be the mutual benefit at the relatively low biomass level,while at the relatively high biomass level,it appears to be the competition with the result that one plant holds dominance and the other goes to extinction,which is consistent with the observed results;③ The stability of the system was analysed;④ According to the results of the numerical analysis,we put forward the countermeasure and advice about the manned adjustment and control of the recovery of wetlands.更多还原