【摘要】 生命周期评估 (LCA)是绿色产品设计的一项重要内容 ,影响评估是LCA的重要阶段 .本文将各种排放物影响因子进行分类后 ,应用灰色系统理论 ,提出了影响评估灰类划分及其白化权函数 ,对各影响类别进行了灰色聚类分析 ,然后根据分析结果给出了分类影响指数的计算方法 .根据各影响类别的作用范围 ,将影响类别按全球影响、区域影响、本地影响进行了分组 ,并给出了分组影响指数以及总体影响指数的计算方法 .最后 ,以设计中的 3种材料钢、铝、工程塑料为例 ,说明了以上方法在一类产品比较选择中的应用 .更多还原

【Abstract】 Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an important content of green design;the major phase of LCA is impact assessment. After classifying the impact factors, with grey-system theory, the evaluating grey-groups and their whitening weighing functions are defined;the grey-cluster analysis of each classified impact is performed;based on analyzing results, the calculating method of classified impact index is given. By range of action, the impact classes are grouped to three groups - global impact, regional impact, and local impact;the calculating methods of grouped and overall impact index are presented. Finally, an application example of comparative choice of a category of products - three materials, steel, aluminum and engineering plastics is given.更多还原