【摘要】 在渔业资源和可养殖水面有限的情况下,必然要在水产养殖上寻求渔业的可持续发展,如增加养殖密度,提高单位水体产量。养殖密度的增加,对养殖系统及排放废水的附近水域都会产生负面影响。由于鱼类排泄物和残饵直接进入水体,导致氨氮浓度升高,已成为制约鱼类生产、造成水体富营养化的主要环境因素。对治理氨氮污染这一世界性的课题,笔者就去除养殖水体氨氮的微生物种群、固定化技术、生物强化技术以及人工湿地生态工程技术等做一综述,以期把握研究热点,推进水产养殖的可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the condition of limited fishery resources and cultivable waters, the sustainable development of fisheries depends on aquaculture such as increasing intensity of cultivable waters to elevate the output of per unit water, but the high intensity of culture can adversely affect not only the aquaculture itself but also the accepted waters. For example, the high concentration of total ammonia nitrogen derived from high rates of fish excretion and feed loading is a harmful factor that can restrict fish products and cause waters eutrophication. This paper summarizes information on the current methods used for ammonia removal in intensive aquaculture and briefly gives basic information on immobilization technology, probiotics and constructed wetlands ecological engineering technology, which develop the sustainable aquaculture.更多还原