【摘要】 船舶机动航行时,经常利用改变速度的方法避让目标船.其中,涉及到避让行动的大小和避让时机的问题.过早行动没有必要,也不符合船长和驾驶员的避碰心理,过晚行动会产生船舶之间的不协调行动和碰撞结果.为此,从船舶变速避让行动数学模型出发,给出了确定船舶最佳避让时机和行动的方法.避让时机用到目标船的距离表示,避让行动利用船舶改变速度的大小表示.因而,对避碰规则中的"早、大、宽"给出了定量的概念,避免了无谓的精神负担,符合驾驶员的避碰心理.使驾驶员在采取避让行动时能够预知避让结果,做到心中有数.更多还原

【Abstract】 Ship’s changing speed collision avoidance involves the opportunity and the value of action taken. To be too earlier is unnecessary and to be too late will involve un-coordinating action and collision with the target vessel. Based on ship’s changing speed collision avoidance formula, a method of ship’s collision avoidance opportunity and action taken is given using a diagram. The optimum opportunity is simply expressed by the distance to the target vessel. The actions taken of changing speed are given by optimum values. So this paper gives navigators clear concepts of "positive, in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship" in the Rules when taking actions. The navigators’ mental stress can be lessened. The collision avoidance results can be predicted before action taken.更多还原