【摘要】 按照工业铝电解生产的方式,采用Na3AlF6 Al2O3体系作为支持电解质,加入SiO2,在熔融状态下电解,得到Al Si合金·利用扫描电镜对产物的形貌和化学成分进行了分析,结果表明合金中Si的含量可达到30%以上,为过共晶产物·结晶Si的形貌是典型的针片状·此产品可作为母合金使用·根据实验结果,对熔盐电解法制备Al Si母合金的机理进行了讨论,认为Al Si合金的生成是由于两种机制共同作用的结果:Al还原了SiO2中的Si,构成Al Si合金;Si与Al同时在阴极析出,形成Al Si合金·保持Al2O3及SiO2的浓度,电解可始终进行·此法可以作为一种新的合金生产方式在实际中应用·更多还原

【Abstract】 Al-Si alloys were produced by molten salt electrolysis using the molten cryolite-alumina system as electrolyte with SiO₂ added in it. The morphology and chemical composition of such products were analysed using SEM. The results indicated that the Si-content in alloys can be over 30% and therefore the products are hypereutectic Al-Si alloys. The morphological observation showed that the crystalline Si is typically of acicular structure. The hypereutectic Al-Si alloys can be used as Al-Si master alloy. Based on experimental results, the mechanism of the process of preparing Al-Si master alloys was discussed. The reasons why the Al-Si master alloys form are considered as: 1) SiO₂ is reduced by Al and 2) Si and Al are precipitated simultaneously on cathode. So keeping up the concentrations of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ can make the electrolysis last all through. As a new approach to producing Al-Si master alloy, the preparation proposed is applicable to practical production.更多还原