【摘要】 柴达木盆地是我国西北地区大型含油气盆地之一。经过50年的油气勘探,已在该盆地发现18个油田,它们主要分布柴西地区,对其成因一直是人们关注的问题。通过对这些油田原油的物理化学性质、油源对比和成因机制综合研究表明,柴西地区和柴北地区是两个不同的成油单元,它们原油的形成环境、母质类型、成熟度和油源都是截然不同的。并且认为,虽然柴达木盆地第三系生油岩有机碳含量较低,但是其形成于强还原和咸水环境,有利于生物脂类的保存,生物脂类与可溶有机质和干酪根一起在低成熟阶段可以生成大量石油,是柴西地区未熟低熟原油形成的主要途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Qaidam basin is one of the largest petroliferous basins in the northwestern China. After 50 years oil-gas exploration, 18 oil fields have been found in this basin, which are mainly distributed in the western portion of Qaidam basin. Their geneses are always the focus in which people are interested. The physical and chemical character, oil-rock correlation and genetic mechanism are studied, it is indicated that the western Qaidam and the northern Qaidam are two different oil-generating units, that they have obviously different oil-forming environments, precursor types, maturity and source of oil. Although organic carbon abundance of source rocks is low, plant lipids are well preserved in the reducing and saline acustrine environments. Plant lipids together with soluble organic matter and kerogen can generate a significant volume of crude oil at low mature stage and be the main way to produce immature and low mature crude oils in the western Qaidam basin更多还原