【摘要】 以爱沙尼亚油页岩干酪根为对象 ,利用热模拟实验方法和化工催化原理 ,考察了不同介质对干酪根热解生烃过程的影响 ,从热解生烃量、生烃组成特征及生烃动力学等方面进行了探讨。结果表明 :膏岩对干酪根的生烃具有明显催化作用 ,碳酸盐岩对干酪根的生烃具有一定反催化作用 ,各种盐类对干酪根的生烃量影响较小。干酪根热解动力学研究表明 ,生烃动力学参数表观活化能E与视频率因子A两者之间不是独立变化的 ,而是具有一定的关系 ,即 :E与lnA之间服从直线关系 (R =0 .99) ,这些认识对于深入探讨爱沙尼亚油页岩干酪根的化学结构、建立热解动力学模型具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of catalysts on hydrocarbon generation from kerogen have been investigated by using simulation experiment and chemical catalysis mechanism. The simulated samples were selected from Estonia area. The catalytic action of different catalysts was studied on the product composition, hydrocarbon yield, kinetics of hydrocarbon generation. In the presence of carbonatite, the yield of generated hydrocarbon S 2 has been decreased because of the adsorption of carbonatite on pyrolysates. The insoluble salt, CaSO 4, as a catalyst, has enhanced kerogen degradation to increase the yield of hydrocarbon(S 2).The soluble salts including CaCl 2,Na 2SO 4 and NaHCO 3 have no effect on the hydrocarbon generation from kerogen. As the kinetics is concerned, carbonatite has a negative catalytic effect and decreases the reaction rate , but CaSO 4 has a positive effect and gives rise to the reaction rate. In addition, it is also found that the kinetic parameters, apparent activation energy and frequency factor , have a relationship with each other, which can be reasonably described by an exponential function.更多还原