【摘要】 以十二烷基二甲基叔胺、盐酸、环氧氯丙烷为原料,合成了中间体N-(3-氯-2-羟丙基)-N,N-二甲基十二烷基氯化铵,后与3种不同烷基链长的长链烷基叔胺反应,得到3种非对称Gemini季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂(Ⅰ～Ⅲ)。通过IR光谱,1HNMR确证了中间体及目的产物的结构。测定了产物的临界胶束浓度cmc及γcmc。cmc分别为1 07×10-3mol·dm-3、1 99×10-3mol·dm-3和9 55×10-3mol·dm-3,γcmc分别为40 9mN·m-1、48 0mN·m-1和50 9mN·m-1。结果表明:所合成的非对称Gemini季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂具有较高的表面活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The intermediate N-（3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl）-N,N-dimethyldodecylammonium chloride was synthesized with N,N-dimethyl-dodecylamine,hydrochloric acid and epichlorohydrin as raw materials.Three dissymmetric Gemini quaternary ammonium salts cationic surfactant（Ⅰ～Ⅲ）were synthesized with the intermediate and three different kinds of N,N-dimethyl alkyl amine.Structure of the intermediate and aimed products were identified by¹HNMR and IR.The cmc and γ_cmc of these surfactants were determined.The cmc of them are (1.07×10^-3 mol·dm^-3);(1.99×10^-3 mol·dm^-3) and 9.55×10^-3 mol·dm^-3 respectively,and γ_cmcof them are 40.9 mN·m^-1;48.0 mN·m^-1and 50.9 mN·m^-1 respectively.The results of the study showed that dissymmetric Gemini quaternary ammonium salts cationic surfactant have excellent surface active properties.更多还原