【摘要】 2002年塔里木河四条源流出山口天然径流量273.9×108m3,比多年平均值多46.9×108m3,偏多20.7%,属丰水年.其中发源于天山山脉的阿克苏河和开都河 孔雀河径流增幅大,水量充沛,属丰水年,而发源于昆仑山脉的叶尔羌河和和田河径流量保持多年均值年.2002年度,四条源流区总耗水量219.1×108m3,占出山口天然径流量的80.0%.其中阿克苏河流域总耗水量为65.90×108m3,占出山口天然径流量的60%;叶尔羌河流域耗水量61.92×108m3,年内无水量进入塔里木河干流;和田河流域耗水量36.45×108m3,占出山口天然径流量的80.9%.开 孔河流域内耗水54.76×108m3,占出山口天然径流量的95.9%.更多还原

【Abstract】 The Tarim River Basin is surrounded by mountains on three sides and is a closed-basin with no outlet to the sea. From the confluence of its three main contributing tributaries, the Tarim River mainstream extends 1321 km to Taitema Lake. The three tributary river systems that contribute flows to the Tarim River （Aksu, Hotan and Yarkant） join just above the Aler gauging station where the Tarim River begins.In addition the Kaidu-Konque River Basin, which is hydrologically separate from the Tarim River, contributes water to the Tarim River by means of a man-made transfer channel. There are numerous other rivers coming down from the mountains that disappear into the desert. A number of rivers fed by snowmelt and glacier melt begin in the mountains and drain into the basin. In 2002, annual virgin flow of about 273.9 10⁸m³from four mountains basins of Aksu, Hotan, Yarkant and Kaidu-Konque Rivers drain into the Tarim basin, more46.9 10⁸m³ than average annual streamflow, excessive more 20.7% . The Aksu River and Konque-Kaidu Rivers from Tianshan Mountains have a large runoff rising comparing with average annual runoff, and keep normal runoff in Yarkant River from the Karakorum and Hotan River from the West Kunlun Mountains. Most of this water is consumptively used before reaching the confluence, total consumptive water of four source streams sum up 219.1 10⁸m³, occupy up 80% of annual virgin flow from mountains basin. Actual annual consumptive water were measured to be 65.90 10⁸m³for Aksu, 60% of annual virgin flow; 61.92 10⁸m³for Yarkant,no water drain into the mainstream of Tarim River; 36.45×10⁸m³for Hotan, 80.9% of annual virgin flow; 54.76×10⁸m³for the Kaidui-Kongque, 95.9% of annual virgin flow.更多还原