【摘要】 自从20世纪30年代李四光先生提出庐山和中国东部山地的第四纪冰期理论以来,关于中国东部山地是否发生过第四纪冰川的问题困惑着国内外的地学工作者,并为此展开了旷日持久的争论.20世纪80年代,经过大量的实地考察和室内分析工作,在施雅风、崔之久和李吉均等撰写的《中国东部第四纪冰川与环境问题》一书中,对中国东部第四纪冰川得到以下基本认识:1)确认在中国东部有确切证据的古冰川遗迹仅在陕西太白山、吉林与朝鲜接壤的长白山、台湾的雪山和玉山等,而在庐山及中国东部海拔2000m以下的山地在第四纪期间从来没有发生过冰川;2)"泥砾"是"混杂堆积"的一种,某些疑似的古冰川地形完全可以用其它非冰川成因予以解释,所谓的冰川沉积多数情况下是季风气候条件下的古泥石流堆积;3)中国东部第四纪环境发生过很大变化.第四纪冰期中中国北方多年冻土南界向南扩展约10°,到达长城一线,中国东部地区年平均温度降低10～12℃.喜冷动物群如猛犸与披毛犀则向南分布得更远,到达长江口一带.海平面下降约140m,古海岸远离现代海岸达600km.由于冬季风加强,气候以干冷为主,不利于冰川发育;4)根据过去几十年的资料,中、晚更新世中国西部山地发生过3～5次冰期,但不存在统一的大冰盖.因为青藏高原非常年轻,只是在0 8MaBP之后才抬升到?更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the thirties of the last century, when Prof. Li Siguang (J S Lee) put forward his glacial theory on Mt. Lushan and other mountains in Eastern China, there have been many controversies in earth science world both at home and abroad. Were there really mountain glaciations developing in Eastern China during the Quaternary? This problem made many Chinese geologists and geographers in confusion. In the nineteen eightieth, Shi Yafeng and the authors of this paper had took a lot of field investigations and lab analyses and come to a conclusion quite different from Prof. Li and his followers. Their major points are: 1) Only in a few mountains in the east China distinct Quaternary glacial landform and deposits can be seen, such as the Taibai Shan in Shaanxi, the Changbai Shan in Jilin and the Mts. Yushan and Xueshan in Taiwan, while in other mountains claimed by Prof. Lee no evidence can be found; 2) The boulder clay and striated stones cited by Prof. Li as evidence of former glaciations have been identified mostly originated from debris flow; 3) Environment in east China had experienced dramatically changes during the Quaternary: The permafrost in north China had expanded southward by about 10 latitudes and reached the Great Wall, which means the mean annual temperature had lowered about 10～12 ℃. The ice-age "mammoth fauna" had roamed in north China and even reached to the estuary of the Yangtze River. The shoreline had expanded eastward about 600 km and the sea level had depressed 140 m compared with present. However, owing to the strengthening winter monsoon, climate of China was cold and dry in the ice-age, unfavorable for glaciations; Based on the data collected in the past decade, 3～5 glaciations have been identified in the mountainous regions of west China, all of which are dated to late and middle Pleistocene, but there is no positive evidence to support the hypothesis that an ice sheet had occurred on the Tibetan Plateau. The reason is that the Tibetan Plateau is very fresh, only 0’8 Ma since it uplifted up to (3 000) m a. s. l. and became high enough for glacier development.更多还原