【摘要】 简要综述了藻类生物技术在水污染生态毒理学和污水生物净化方面的研究成果及应用实例,同时对其研究前景进行了探讨。应用藻类生物检测技术对重金属、农药、有机污染物、有毒有害废弃物等的毒性评价结果证明,一些二价重金属阳离子对藻类的毒性顺序大致为Hg²⁺,Cd²⁺,Cu²⁺,Ni²⁺和 Zn²⁺;酚类、酯类和芳烃类有机污染物对藻类生长的抑制作用十分显著;农药对藻类的毒害作用主要通过破坏藻类生物膜的结构和功能而抑制藻类的光合作用、呼吸作用和固氮作用。有关藻类污水处理的研究资料显示,阳光的强弱,污水在系统内的停留时间,藻类生物量的多寡是确保藻类污水处理效果的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 Algae, as a primary producer, play a veryimportant role in metabolizing and energy following onkeeping aquatic ecosystem balance. Heretofore, algalbiotechnology has been extensively studied and applied inecological toxicology of water pollution and in biologicalpurification of wastewater. This paper gives a briefintroduction about the research results on the investigatedfield. The early reported data showed that heavy metals,pesticides, organic pollutants and others had all toxic effecton algae growth, on enzyme activity, on algal cell form andinclusion. The toxicity order of some bivalent heavy metalson algae was Hg²⁺>Cd²⁺>Cu²⁺>Ni²⁺>Zn²⁺. Phenols,esters and aromatics had very serious effects on algalgrowth. Effected degree of pesticides on algae was dependenton its chemical structure and characteristics, on algalindividual behavior and their environmental conditions. Thephotosynthesis, respiration and azotification of algae wererestricted by the structure and function of their biologicalmembrane destroyed. It was reported that the amount ofsunlight, algal biomass, algal burning specific heat, and theretention time of sewage in treatment system, are the keyfactors to insure the efficiency on wastewater treatment byalgal biotechnology. Algae are the regeneration and medicineresource. It is very important to pay attention to probe thetechnique of algal mass culture and to develop the applicationareas of algal biotechnology in the future.更多还原