【摘要】 通过基因组原位杂交、重双端体测交及RFLP分析,解析了来自小麦品种 “中国春” (Triticum aestivumL. cv. “Chinese Spring” (CS))×大麦品种 “Betzes” (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. “Betzes”)杂种后代15份材料的遗传组成,鉴定出6个二体异代换系;对与 “中国春” 重双端体DDT2A、DDT2B及DDT2D测交的F1代花粉母细胞减数分裂中期染色体构型进行观察,同时以小麦第二部分同源群短臂探针psr131进行RFLP分析,鉴定出一套遗传稳定的小麦-大麦2H二体异代换系2H(A)、2H(B)和2H(D)。小麦第二部分同源群短臂探针psr131可作为追踪大麦2H染色体的RFLP标记。从代换系的生长势及其他农艺性状看,大麦2H染色体对小麦染色体2B和2D的补偿作用较好。通过考种观察到携带大麦a淀粉酶抑制蛋白基因的2H染色体导入小麦后,淀粉品质发生了改变,外观品质由原来“中国春” 的半粉质转变为代换系的半角质。更多还原

【Abstract】 The genetic constitution of fifteen materials derived from the cross wheat (Triticum aestivumL. cv. 揅hinese Spring?× barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. 揃etzes? was analyzed, and six disomic aliensubstitution lines were screened by GISH. The chromosome configurations in pollen mother cells atmeiotic metaphaseⅠ(PMCs MⅠ) of F1 from each disomic substitution line respectively crossed withdouble ditelocentric lines 2A, 2B and 2D of 揅hinese Spring?were observed, and a set of wheat-barleydisomic alien substitution lines 2H(A), 2H(B) and 2H(D) were obtained. The RFLP analysis with the probepsr131 on the short arm of wheat homeologous group 2 combining with four restriction enzymes werecarried out. The results indicated that the probe psr131 could be used as molecular marker to tag thebarley chromosome 2H. The barley chromosome 2H had good genetic compensation ability for wheatchromosomes 2B and 2D in vitality and other agronomic characters. The result of testing seed was thatthe wheat appearance starch quality had been changed from the half-farinaceous of 揅hinese Spring?tothe half-cutin of substitution lines by transferring the barley chromosome 2H to wheat.更多还原