【摘要】 历史地回顾了谱系、系统发育、单系、多系概念的由来和发展。详细讨论了单系 (monophyly)和多系 (polyphyly)在叙述分类群起源和描述分类群内部系统发育线多样性的不同含义。以此为基础 ,说明在“多系_多期_多域”的八纲系统中“多系”和“单系”是指自然分类群内系统发育线的多样性 ,不等同于“多源”和“单源”。通过与近年来所发表的被子植物分类系统的比较 ,认为基于化石、形态、分子和地理分布证据提出的八纲系统所显示的预言性 ,必将在今后的科学实践中经受检验更多还原

【Abstract】 The historical development of the concepts of genealogy, phylogeny, monophyly and polyphyly is briefly reviewed. The different implications of the two most controversial terms in taxonomic and evolutionary literature, "monophyly" and "polyphyly", are discussed in detail when they are used to explain the origin of taxa and to describe the phyletic diversity within a certain taxon respectively. Based on the discussion, we have stressed that the "polyphyletic" and "monophyletic" as used in the "Polyphyletic-Polychronic-Polytopic Eight-Class System of Classification of Angiosperms" proposed by Wu et al. are to indicate the phyletic diversity within a natural group, and thus cannot be understood to indicate the unitary origin or plural origin of a certain group. A comparison of this "Eight-Class System" with those recently proposed makes us feel more confident that the predictive value of this system, which is established based on much evidence from fossils, morphology, molecular systematics and geographical distribution, will be eventually shown by how it stands the test of the future scientific practice.更多还原