【摘要】 多菌灵、丙环唑、休菌清、苯醚甲环唑、异菌脲、禾纹清（多菌灵+丙环唑）六种供试药剂对苹果炭疽菌的生长都具有抑制作用,其有效浓度和作用方式有所不同。多菌灵、丙环唑、休菌清、苯醚甲环唑、异菌脲和禾纹清抑制菌丝生长的EC₅₀分别为0.034、0.015、0.918、0.115、31.865和0.491μg/ml;抑制芽管伸长的EC₅₀分别为0.4430、0.0240、0.3173、0.0991、154.88和0.2787μg/ml。对孢子萌发和芽管伸长的抑制率差异显著。六种药剂对苹果炭疽病的控制结果表明:丙环唑、禾纹清和苯醚甲环唑的防治效果较好,其中丙环唑和禾纹清的防治效果可达100％,而多茵灵、休菌清和异菌脲对果实的防治效果较低。药剂防治采用浸泡果实和喷雾两种方式,浸果的防治效果明显好于喷雾。更多还原

【Abstract】 Several effective fungicides were screened and their application techniques to control postharvest anthracnose of apple were also studied. Bioassay results showed that the six fungicides could inhibit the growth of the hypha and the germ tube elongation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides . Effective concentration (EC50) of carbendazim, propiconazole, taktamer, difenoconazole and iprodi-one to inhibit the growth of hypha was 0.034, 0.015, 0.918, 0.115 and 31.865μg/ml, respectively. EC50 of propiconazole + carbendazim was 0.491μg/ml, and which inhibited the germ tube elongation was 0.4430, 0.0240, 0.3173, 0.0991, 154.88 and 0.2787μg/ml. The difference a-mong the six fungicides to the percentage of conidial germination and that of the inhibition of germ tube elongation were significant. Iprodione and carbendazim could inhibit the conidial germination effectively, but the effect of the germ tube inhibition were the worst. Propiconazole and propiconazole + carbendazim couldn’ t inhibit the conidial germination, but the germ tube elongation could be inhibited effectively.Accordingly , apples were inoculated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides at 25℃ indoors. The control effectiveness were compared by means of spraying and soaking. The results showed that the control effects by spraying and soaking have no difference, compared with other fungicides. Propiconazole, propiconazole + carbendazim and difenoconazole gave better effectiveness, 100% , 100% and 60.21 % , respectively.更多还原