【摘要】 合理的社会流动具有积极的社会功能,有利于缓解社会矛盾,促进社会稳定和社会发展。合理的社会流动是以社会职位空缺为导向、以成就规则为根据、以机会平等为前提,同时对社会弱者给予必要的保护。现代社会中职业地位最为重要,它是人们社会地位的主要载体。职业的获得应该通过市场竞争,使有能力的人获得相应的职位。教育是获得能力最重要的手段。西方发达国家社会流动的现实是这种社会流动“理想类型”的偏差。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reasonable social mobility performs a positive social function. It is favorable to relieve social contradictions, favorable to promote social stability and development. Reasonable social mobility is oriented by vacant social positions, on the precondition of equal opportunity for all, and with necessary social protection of the weak. What is most important in modern society is a social position, which is the chief carrier of people’ s social status. It is reasonable to secure and occupation through market competition so that capable individuals can win corresponding positions. Education is the most important means to nurture ability. The reality of social mobility of the developed countries of the West is deviated from this "ideal type" of social mobility.更多还原