【摘要】 野外调查和形态学研究表明 ,硬序重寄生 (檀香科重寄生属模式种 )以桑寄生科半寄生灌木为寄主 ,具有一些特殊的生活习性和形态结构特征。讨论认为 ,重寄生链上的一些渐变特征展现林木上寄生灌木具有 2个演化阶段 ,即以自养树木为寄主的半寄生灌木演化阶段 ,和以树木上半寄生灌木为直接寄主的重寄生灌木演化阶段 ;重寄生属植物特殊的生活习性和形态结构特征 ,是与其在寄主桑寄生科半寄生灌木上生活的特殊环境相适应的 ,是与其寄主、传播花粉蚂蚁类昆虫和传播种子鸟类协同演化的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the based of the field investigation with morphological and anatomical observation, Phacellaria rigidula (Santalaceae,type species of Phacellaria) lives on the hemi_parasitic shrubs which belong to Loranthaceae and possesses some special characteristics in habits and in morphological and anatomical structures. The feature adaptation of P.rigidula and the evolution of the parasitic shrubs had been discussed. Some of the characteristics based on the superparasitic chains elucidate the evolutionary processing of the parasitic shrubs on the autotrophic trees. The evolution of the parasitic shrubs on the autotrophic trees could be distinguished in two phases: The hemi_parasitic shrub phase is with autotrophic trees as direct hosts and the supper_parasitic shrub one is with hemi_parasitic shrubs as direct hosts. The special features of Phacellaria plants are adaptive to the specific environments, where are on the thin stems of the hemi_parasitic shrubs as their direct hosts. Moreover, the traits are also closely related to the co_evolution between supper_parasitic plant and their pollen transmitting ants and seed transmitting birds.更多还原