【摘要】 DJG-1阳离子絮凝剂的合成步骤为:玉米淀粉与丙烯酰胺在硝酸铈铵引发下接枝,得A;A与醇在酸催化下发生酯化反应得B;甲醛与二甲胺反应得N-羟甲基胺(C);在C中加入酸使pH值为4左右,得酸性范围内的N-羟甲基胺(C’);B与C’发生曼尼希反应得D(叔胺盐);D发生烷基化反应E(季铵盐);E与四苯硼钠反应生成白色沉淀。室内试验分析了DJG-1阳离子絮凝剂合成的影响因素,评价了DJG-1的水处理效果并与硫酸铝进行了对比。实验结果表明,DJG-1阳离子絮凝剂合成的影响因素包括引发剂的选用、活化时间、投料比、反应时间与温度及溶液pH值等。用DJG-1絮凝剂混凝处理钻井废水时,絮凝沉淀的速度比用硫酸铝处理时大得多,废水处理效率高,但DJG-1絮凝剂与硫酸铝复合使用经济效益更好,且硫酸铝用量为300 mg/L时,DJG-1的最佳用量为3～4 mg/L。更多还原

【Abstract】 The steps of synthesizing cation flocculant DJG-1 have been given in this paper, i. e., 1. making matter A by grafting of corn starch and acrylamide initiated with ammonium eerie nitrate as initiator; 2. making matter B by esterifying of matter A and alcohol using acid as catalyst; 3. making matter C (N-hydroxymethyl amine) by reacting of formaldehyde and dimethylamine; 4. making matter C’ (acidic N-hydroxymethyl amine, pH≈4) by adding acid into matter C; 5. making matter D (tertiary ammonium salt) by Mannich reacting of matters B and C’; 6. making matter E(quaternary ammonium salt) by alkylating of matter D; 7. making the cation flocculant DJG-1 (white deposition matter) by reacting of matter E and sodium tetraphenylborate. The influence factors of synthesizing cation flocculant DJG-1 have been analyzed on laboratory and results show that the influence factors include choice of initiator, activation time, rate of charge, reaction time and temperature and the pH value of solutions, etc.. In addition, effects of DJG-1 on treating waste water have been evaluated and compared with aluminium sulphate. The results show that using DJG-1 to coagulate waste water, the flocculating settling velocity is great more than using aluminium sulphate, thus, waste water treatment effective can be improved using DJG-1 as flocculant. Furthermore, it is better on economic benefit to use cation flocculant DJG-1 compounding with aluminium sulphate.更多还原