【摘要】 目的　分析云南省 1991～ 2 0 0 0年疟疾监测结果 ,为制定云南省的疟疾防治措施提供依据。　方法　收集 1991～ 2 0 0 0年全省发热病人血检和重点人群 IFAT监测结果 ,边境地区流动人口管理及媒介监测资料进行流行病学统计分析。　结果　 10年间云南省共血检发热病人 6 193 85 3例 ,检出阳性 170 5 78例 ,年平均血检率为 3.5 2 % ,阳性率为2 .75 % ,恶性疟占 2 1.48%。重点人群的 IFAT抗体阳性率为 5 .80 % ,阳性几何平均滴度在 2 2 .14～ 6 0 .14之间。对边境地区不同流动人员的发热病人血检结果 :外国入境边民的血检阳性率为 13.0 5 % ;我国出境边民的血检阳性率为7.6 7% ;内地到边境地区流动人员的血检阳性率为 12 .45 %。云南省主要媒介微小按蚊、昆明按蚊和嗜人按蚊的人房次平均捕获数分别为 2 .2 9、2 .46和 2 .90只。人、牛房比例分别为 1∶ 3.2 9、1∶ 3.19和 1∶ 1.0 4。　结论　云南省经过 10年疟疾监测 ,发热病人血检阳性率已从 1991年的 3.30 %下降至 2 0 0 0年的 1.93% ,以微小按蚊为主要传疟媒介地区的发病率已从 1991年的 8.49 下降至 2 0 0 0年的 3.79 。云南省的疟疾发病保持了稳中有降。但在云南边境地区 ,受境外发病和流动人口的影响 ,疟疾的控制工作仍很艰巨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To report malaria surveillance and malaria situation in a period of ten years in Yunnan and to provide scientific strategies for malaria control. Methods The data on blood smear examination of febrile patients, surveillance of IFAT in focus population, management of mobile population in border areas and vector surveillance from 1991 to 2000 were collected and analyzed. Results Blood smear examination of febrile patients were carried out for 6 193 853 febrile patients form 1991 to 2000. The average annual rate of blood smear examination of febrile patients in decade was 3.52%, the positive rate was 2.75% and cases of P.f. shared 21.48%. The positive rate of IFAT in focus populations was 5.80%, positive GMRT lay between 22.14 and 60.14. In the border areas, the positive rate of blood smear examination in febrile patients of foreigner entered was 13.05%, while that of Chinese returned form foreign country and mobile population from inland were 7.67% and 12.45% respectively. Anopheles minimus, An. anthropophagus and An. kunminggensis, which are main vectors in Yunnan province, were captured 2.29, 2.46 and 2.90 respectively in human house per hour and person, and its ratio of human house and cattle house was 1∶3.29,1∶3.19 and 1∶1.04 in order. The positive rate of blood smear examination of febrile patients dropped to 1.93% of 2000 from 3.30% of 1991 through the ten years. Malaria incidence where is characterized by the main vector An. minimus reduced to 3.79 in 2000 from 8.49 in 1991. Conclusion Yunnan province is still the main malaria epidemic area, but trends of malaria epidemic kept stable and slight decline. Malaria incidence was affected by the situation of neighboring countries. Mobile population is one of main difficulties in malaria control currently.更多还原