【摘要】 目的　调查宝石加工作业环境的粉尘危害及宝石加工工人的矽肺发病特征。方法　对某宝石加工厂接尘作业工人进行矽肺横断面流行病学调查。结果　该厂生产环境粉尘浓度平均为2 .3mg/m3 ,游离SiO2 含量平均为 94 .6 4 %。该厂 10 2 7例接尘作业工人中 ,诊断各期矽肺 4 7例 ,患病率为 4 .5 8% ,发病年龄为 (2 7.0 4± 3.2 5 )岁 ,接尘工龄为 (4.6 7± 1.17)年。患者X线胸片表现以q影为主。患者肺结核并发率为 10 .6 4 % ;肺气肿并发为 4 4 .6 8% ;自发性气胸发生率为 10 .6 4 %。结论　宝石粉尘对工人健康危害极大。宝石加工工人矽肺发病率高 ,发病年龄小 ,接尘工龄短 ,并发症多 ,致病残程度较重 ,预后较差。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the hazards of gem dusts and the epidemiological features of the occurrence of gem worker’s silicosis(GWS). Methods Epidemiological investigation in a gem factory in Guangdong province was carried out. Results The average dusts concentration in workshop was 2.3 mg/m 3,average free silica content was 94.64%.There were 47 patients diagnosed as silicosis.The prevalence of GWS was 4.58% (47/1 027) .The age of patients suffering from silicosis and the duration of dust exposure were (27.04±3.25) years and (4.67 ± 1.17) years respectively.Chest radiographic examination showed mainly small round opacities "q".The incidences of GWS complicated by pulmonary tuberculosis,spontaneous pneumothorax and pulmonary emphysema were 10.64% ,10.64%,44.68% respectively. Conclusion The hazards of gem dust to workers might be serious.Higher incidence,younger age suffered from silicosis,shorter duration of dust exposure,more complications,and poorer prognosis in gem workers appeared to be the main epidemiological features of GWS in Guangdong.更多还原