【摘要】 目的　评价中国近海石油平台作业人员职业压力量表的效度和信度。方法　参照Cooper等的问卷 ,结合被调查公司的情况 ,制订了含有 5 1个条目的中国近海石油平台作业人员职业压力量表 (OccupationalStressScale,OSS) ,并对 5 6 1名某近海石油公司平台作业人员进行调查。结果　5 1个与近海石油生产相关的职业压力因素经因子分析 ,识别了 9个潜在的公共因子 ,解释了总变异的 6 2 .5 %。根据各因子内所含条目描述的内容分别定义为 :工作与家庭 /社会生活 (因子 1)、仕途与成就 (因子 2 )、人生安全感 (因子 3)、工作中的管理问题及与同事间的关系 (因子 4)、工作环境中的物理因素 (因子 5 )、平台生活环境 (因子 6 )、管理角色 (因子 7)、人体工效因素 (因子 8)和组织结构 (因子9)。方差分析结果提示有 5个因子得分在 12个不同工种间的差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。等级回归分析表明 ,在控制年龄、文化程度等潜在混杂因素后 ,总职业压力得分与精神健康的关联有极显著性 (P<0 .0 1)。职业压力总量表和各个公共因子的内部一致性检验结果 ,Cronbach’salpha介于 0 .72～ 0 .91之间。结论　OSS是一有效、可靠的职业压力测量工具 ,可用于中国近海石油工人职业压力与健康、安全问题的研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Occupational Stress Scale(OSS) for Chinese offshore oil platform workers. Methods A 51-item self-administered questionnaire developed in the light of Cooper’s questionnaire and company’s special situation was used to investigate 561 subjects. Results 51 occupational stress items relating to offshore oil production were subjected to factor analysis,and nine latent factors were identified,which explained 62.5% of the total variance.According to the contents described by the items included in each factor,they were respectively defined as:"the interface between job and family/social life(factor 1)","career and achievement(factor 2)","safety(factor 3)","management problem and relationship with others at work(factor 4)","physical factors of workplace(factor 5)","platform living environment(factor 6)","role in management(factor 7)","ergonomics(factor 8)" and "organization structure(factor 9)".Significant difference in the score of five factors was observed among 12 different job categories by analysis of variance.After adjusting for potential confounding factors(age,educational level),hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that the score of the OSS was significantly and positively correlated with the poor mental health of the workers(P<0.01).The consistent test between OSS and each factor showed that Cronbach’s alpha were 0.72～0.91. Conclusion The OSS is a valid and reliable tool for measuring occupational stress,and can be used to explore occupational stress and its influence on health and safety problems in offshore oil workers.更多还原