【摘要】 目的　评估非营养性吸吮 (NNS)对早产儿营养、胃肠道转运时间 (WGTT)及喂养相关并发症的影响。方法　将 3 8例需经鼻胃管喂养 (INGF)的健康早产适于胎龄儿 (出生体重 10 5 0～1790g) ,根据是否辅以非营养性吸吮随机分成单纯鼻胃管喂养组和非营养性吸吮组 ,用同一种配方乳喂养。记录喂养 2周的生长发育指标 (体重、身长、头围 )的变化及恢复出生体重的时间 ;入液量、奶量、热能、肠道营养热能达 418 4kJ/(kg·d)的时间、鼻胃管留置时间 ;大便次数、性状 ;喂养相关并发症 ;测定胃肠道转运时间。结果　非营养性吸吮组恢复出生体重时间 [( 8 8± 3 7)d]较单纯鼻胃管喂养组 [( 11 1± 3 0 )d]显著缩短 (P <0 0 5 ) ;喂养前及 2周后体重、身长、头围的变化差异无显著性 (P>0 0 5 )。非营养性吸吮组肠道营养热能达 418 4kJ/(kg·d)的时间 [( 12 3± 5 1)d]较单纯鼻胃管喂养组 [( 15 7± 5 2 )d]明显缩短 (P <0 0 5 ) ;鼻胃管留置时间 [( 13± 10 )d]缩短 4d [( 17± 12 )d],但差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。非营养性吸吮组胃残留的发生率 ( 16 7% )较单纯鼻胃管喂养组 ( 5 0 % )显著减少(P <0 0 5 ) ,两组其他并发症的发生率差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;非营养性吸吮组第 2周的全胃肠道转运时间 [( 3 3更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the effects of nonnutritive sucking (NNS) on the nutrient intake, physical growth, feeding-related complications and whole gastrointestinal transit time (WGTT) in premature infants. Methods Thirty eight healthy appropriate for gestational age premature infants (birth weights ranged from 1 050 g to 1 790 g) accepting intermittent nasogastric feeding (INGF) were randomized into NNS group and N-NNS group according to INGF with and without NNS and fed with the same milk formula. The following data were collected and recorded, the physical growth parameters (e.g, body weight, length and head circumference) and the birth-weight regaining time, the fluid intake (including both intravenous and oral), caloric intake, time of reaching 418.4 kJ/(kg·d) by enteral feeding, time of putting nasogastric tube, stool frequency and characters, and relevant complications. WGTT were monitored.Results The birth-weight regaining time in NNS group was significantly shorter than that in N-NNS group[(8.8±3.7)d vs (11.1±3.0 )d, P<0.05].Within two weeks after feeding, there was no significant difference in the increase of body weight, length and head circumference between the two groups(P>0.05). The time of reaching 418.4 kJ/(kg·d) by enteral feeding in NNS group was significantly shorter than that in N-NNS group[(12.3±5.1)d vs (15.7±5.2)d, P<0.05]; the times of putting nasogastric tube were respectively(13±10)d and (17±12)d, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The morbidity of such complications as vomiting and abdominal distension was lower in NNS group than that in N-NNS group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). However, the morbidity of gastric residue in NNS was significantly lower than that in N-NNS (P<0.05). WGTT of the second week in NNS group was significantly shorter than that in N-NNS [(33±13)h vs(45±20)h, P<0.05]. Stool frequencies of the second week in NNS group were significantly more than those in N-NNS group[(2.26±0.17) times/d vs (1.79±0.58)times/d, P<0.05]. However, there were no significantly differences in WGTT and stool frequencies of the first week between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion NNS was recommended as a beneficial intervention for premature infants during intermittent nasogastric tube feeding.更多还原