【摘要】 目的　探讨脐带血管的解剖结构和血流参数与胎儿生长发育的关系。方法　应用彩色多普勒超声测量脐带、脐动脉、脐静脉直径 ,计算横截面积。分别于脐带胎盘附着部、漂浮部、脐轮部测量血流参数 ,并进行比较。结果　孕 2 1～ 40周脐带直径 ( 1.2 5± 0 .2 1)～ ( 1.5 0± 0 .18)cm ,面积 ( 1.2 6± 0 .13 )～( 1.83± 0 .47)cm2 ;脐动脉直径 ( 0 .2 8± 0 .0 6)～ ( 0 .40± 0 .0 9)cm ,面积 ( 0 .0 6± 0 .0 3 )～ ( 0 .14± 0 .0 6)cm2 ;脐静脉直径 ( 0 .5 4± 0 .11)～ ( 0 .79± 0 .11)cm ,面积 ( 0 .2 5± 0 .0 2 )～ ( 0 .49± 0 .15 )cm2 。孕 2 5周前胎盘附着部脐动脉血流参数低于漂浮部和脐轮部 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,孕 3 6周后胎盘附着部脐动脉血流参数高于漂浮部和脐轮部 ( P <0 .0 5 ) ,2 6～ 3 5周之间 3组差别无显著性意义 ( P >0 .0 5 )。结论　正常妊娠期脐带、脐动脉、脐静脉直径和面积随孕龄、胎儿双顶径、枕额径、头围持续增长 ,脐动脉血流参数值则持续下降。随意测量脐动脉所获得的血流参数值不能精确反映胎儿宫内情况 ,胎盘附着部脐动脉血流参数值可反映胎儿生长发育状况。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the relation between the dissection structure of umbilical cord artery and blood flow indices and fetus′ growth. Methods By color Doppler ultrasound, the diameter of umbilical cord and umbilical artery and umbilical vein was measured to compute surface area. The umbilical cord was divided into three parts: placenta affixing part, floating part and umbilical surrounding part.Their blood flow indices were measured and compared. Results Umbilical cord′s diameter in 21-40 weeks′ gestation was ( 1.25 ± 0.21 ) to ( 1.50 ± 0.18 )cm, surface area was ( 1.26 ± 0.13 ) to ( 1.83 ± 0.47 )cm 2.Umbilical artery′s diameter was ( 0.28 ± 0.06 ) to ( 0.40 ± 0.09 )cm, its surface area was ( 0.06 ± 0.03 ) to ( 0.14 ± 0.06 )cm 2.Umbilical vein′s diameter was ( 0.54 ± 0.11 ) to ( 0.79 ± 0.11 )cm, its surface area was ( 0.25 ± 0.02 ) to ( 0.49 ± 0.15 )cm 2. Before 25 weeks′ gestation, the blood flow indices of umbilical artey of placenta affixing part were lower than those of other two parts(P< 0.05 ).After 36 weeks′ gestation, the blood flow indices of umbilical artey of placenta affixing part were higher than those of other two parts  (P<0.05) .No significant difference was found in 26-35 weeks′ gestation on the blood flow indices among the three parts (P> 0.05 ).Conclusions The diameter and surface area of umbilical and umbilical artery and umbilical vein were growing in pace with gestation, biparietal diameter,frontoccipital diameter, and heand circumference of the fetus,the blood flow indices of umbilical artery goes down continuously.The blood flow indices of umbilical artery of placenta affixing part reflect the fetus′ growth.更多还原