【摘要】 研究酸沉降下K+在红壤表面的化学吸附行为,结果表明,K+的等温吸附可用Langmuir方程较好地描述;在K+的平衡吸附过程中,土壤表面有H+的释放;加入pH3.5酸溶液后,存在H+的消耗过程,其机理与SO42-的专性吸附释放OH-以中和溶液中H+有关.利用设计的动力学装置能很好地研究K+的吸附动力学,比较K+吸附的动力学模型,以一级动力学方程和Elovich方程为最佳模型;运用数据平滑工具求算吸附速率与吸附量的关系,进一步求得一级动力学方程的表观平衡吸附量和表观吸附速率常数.联合一级动力学方程的微分式和Elovich方程也可求得反应速率与时间的关系.更多还原

【Abstract】 The behavior of K+ chemical adsorption in red soil surface under acid deposition was studied. The results showed that Langmuir equation could be used to describe K+ isotherm adsorption relatively well, H+ was released in soil surface in the process of K+ equilibrium adsorption; and after addition of pH3.5 acidic solution, there existed the process of H+ consumption, of which the mechanism was related to the specific adsorption of SO42- to release OH- for neutralizing H+ in the solution. The kinetics of K+ adsorption could be studied very well with the designed kinetic device. Comparing the kinetic models of K+ adsorption, the first order kinetic equation and Elovich equation were the best of the models. The relationship between the rate of adsorption and the amount of adsorption was calculated with the tool of smoothed-data to further obtain the apparent equilibrium adsorption amount of the first-order kinetic equation and apparent adsorption rate constant. The relationship between the rate and the time of reaction was also obtained by coupling differential formula of first-order kinetic equation and Elovich equation.更多还原