【摘要】 目的　了解学龄儿童呼吸系统常见病症的影响因素。方法　采用呼吸系统健康问卷对马鞍山市 6所小学所有在校学生进行回顾性调查 ,同时收集学生家庭居住环境、家庭背景等资料。采用Logistic回归分析模型 ,对学龄儿童呼吸系统病症的可能影响因素进行分析。结果　相对污染区学校和家周围有交通要道的学生各种呼吸系统病症的发生均高于对照区学校和家周围无交通要道的学生 ;室内空气污染因素如平时不开或很少开窗通风、家人吸烟、冬季取暖、儿童与别人共用卧室等对儿童呼吸系统病症也有不同程度的影响 ;母亲文化水平以及性别、年龄等自身因素对儿童呼吸系统病症的发生也有一定的作用。结论　儿童呼吸系统疾病的发生受多因素的综合作用 ,空气污染因素、自身因素、家庭因素都对其产生一定程度的影响 ,在儿童的生活和学习中应加以有效的预防更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectiveTo explore the influential factors on common re spiratory diseases and symptoms in school-aged children.MethodsA retrospective questionnaire investigation on ch ildren’s respiratory health was carried out in six elementary schools involving all the pupils.At the same time,information about children’s home environment an d family background was collected.Applying Logistic regression model,the possibl e influencing factors were analysed.ResultsRespiratory symptoms and diseases prevalence were higher in those children who studied in polluted areas or lived beside busy roa d s;Indoor air pollution was statistically associated with children’s respiratory symptoms and diseases,such as no or rarely opening windows for ventilation,famil y smoking,warming in winter,sharing bedroom,et al.In addition,maternal education ,children’s gender and age also play a role in it.ConclusionMultiple factors reacted on children’s respira tory diseases and symptoms,such as outdoor and indoor air pollution,personal cha racteristic and family factors.So it should be effectively prevented in children ’s life and study.更多还原