【摘要】 首先,利用新型的3种生物气候谱分析法,对22年来在新疆天山北坡观测的草地与生态资料进行了系统的产量成因、周期性变异规律和生态效应分析和讨论,经研究天山草地产量形成的发生年季周期性变化规律主要是受生态气候要素波动所致,两者呈4年周期性变化趋势,且具有明显的滞后生态效应,通常滞后1/4个周期,其中影响产量形成和高低的主导生态因子是土壤含水量和降水量因子;其次,在大量"天地"资料实际观测基础上,利用3S(RS、GIS和GPS)技术和生态系统分析方法,对新疆天山草地农业资源进行了系统地动态监测和大面积估产研究,结果表明阜康县草地和森林面积1998年比1988年分别下降了17.5%和51.0%,而农业用地面积和沙漠危害面积却分别增加了57.8%和21.2%,实现了利用3S技术准确监测新疆阜康县草地农业资源动态变化结果,其大面积草地遥感估产精度达到75.8%以上。更多还原

【Abstract】 The future of grassland resource development and management is dependent upon increased scientific capability and methods.The grassland ecology,remote sensing technology and yield formative reasons in four grassland types of northern Tianshan were discussed to increase uses of grassland data and 3S(RS_GIS_GPS) systems in the paper.First,using the green herbage yields and ecological data,observed in four types in northern Tianshan,Xinjiang from 1976 to 1998,the yield formation,variation period and ecological effects were analyzed in different grassland types by three biological spectrum methods.The results showed that the formation and variation periodicity of grassland yields were made mostly by fluctuation of ecoclimatic factors, variation period was repeated by 4 years and the periods of yields were corresponded commonly by 1/4 period delay than those in climatic variation.And the ecological key factors to grassland yields were soil water content and precipitation factors among all the climatic factors in arid regions.Second, based on the grassland yield data observed in the ground and remote sensing data from spacecraft,grassland agricultural resources were monitored using RS,GIS and GPS in Fukang,Xinjiang in 1988～1998,which showed that the area of grasslands and forests in 1998 had decreased by 17.5% and 51%than those in 1988,but area of farmlands and desert in 1998 had increased by 57.8%and 21.2%compared with 1988.The estimated yield accuracy was over 75.8% with the methods.更多还原