【摘要】 综合评述了土壤微生物提取与纯化研究的最新进展及存在的主要问题 .土壤微生物的分离提取过程一般分为土壤分散、提取与纯化 3个步骤 .采用过滤、离心和淘选 3种方法可以成功地分离提取大部分土壤细菌 ;但土壤真菌的提取则相对较为困难 ,目前可采用的方法有旋转框技术、液相提取与滤膜检测、以及低速离心技术 ,这些方法可提取出部分真菌菌丝 .两相分离技术可用以对提取的土壤微生物进行纯化更多还原

【Abstract】 For the studies on soil microbial ecology and bio diversity as well as on the dynamics of C,N,S and P in soil,it is necessary to quantitatively extract microorganism from soil. The recent advances on extraction and purification of microorganism from soil were reviewed in this paper. The procedure for extracting microorganism from soil was comprised of three steps,i.e., soil dispersion,separation and purification. Most bacteria in soil could be successively extracted from soil particles by present techniques such as filtration,centrifugation and elutriation. However,filamentous fungi seem more difficult to be extracted than bacteria, because it is tangled with soil particles. Rotating wire frame,aqueous extraction and membrane filter technique,and low speed centrifugation were used for extracting filamentous fungi from soil,but the extraction efficiency was rather low and needed to be raised. Aqueous two phase partitioning system was successfully adopted as a technique for bacteria purification, and it would possibly become a technique suitable for fungi purification. The potential area of research on soil microbial ecology as well as on soil and plant nutrition by using microbial extraction technique was also discussed.更多还原