【摘要】 为探讨农用稀土对喷施作业人员健康的影响,选择我国南方丘陵地带远离稀土矿区某果园,对使用农用稀土的喷施作业环境进行稀土暴露水平监测。随机选择30名作业人员,采用作业前后健康检查自身对照,进行现患调查。调查结果显示我国南方丘陵地带非稀土矿区自然环境稀土暴露水平为:土壤(316.78±74.63)μg·g-1,空气(51.33±29 93)ng·m-3,水0.001144μg·g-1,植被(21.13±10.49)μg·g-1。喷施农用稀土后24h土壤,1h及24h空气无稀土残留。该地区人体血稀土含量为(1.89±0.57)ng·ml-1。8h作业经呼吸道摄入稀土量为(5713 5063±786.7403)ng时,血稀土含量为(2 7038±0.7303)ng·ml-1。农用稀土对作业人员呼吸道粘膜有一定刺激作用,能使咽部及鼻腔充血。作业人员作业8h后血尿常规、肝肾功能及心电图等检查结果均在正常范围,但红细胞及血红蛋白有明显下降趋势,白细胞总数、肌酐及尿素氮有明显上升趋势,经统计分析有显著意义。调查结果说明农用稀土会产生一定的生物学反应,但仍在正常范围之内,未发现对机体造成损害。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the effects of rare earths in agricultural use on the health of spraying operators, an orchard far from rare earths mine in the hilly land in south China was selected to carry out monitoring the levels of exposed rare earths in surroundings sprayed with agricultural-use rare earths. A group of 30 operators was chosen at random to perform investigations of patients present with self-contrasts of health examinations between before and after their spraying work. The results of investigations show that exposed rare earths levels in the natural surroundings in the non-rare-earth-mine hilly land in south China are as follows: （31678±74.630） μg·g^-1 in soil, （51.33±29.93） ng·m^-3 in air, 0.001144 μg·g^-1 in water and （2113±10.49） μg·g^-1 in vegetation. After 24 h spraying agricultural-use rare earths in soil and 1 h and 24 h in air, there are no residual rare earths. In this area, the content of rare earths in blood in the human body is （1.89±0.57） ng·ml^-1. During spraying operation for 8 h, the content of rare earths taken in through respiratory tract is （5713.5063±786.7403） ng, and at this time,the blood rare earths content is （2.7038±0.7303） ng·ml^-1. Agricultural-use rare earths have certain effects on the mucous membrane in the raspiratory tract of the operators, which cause congestion in the throat and nasal cavity. In the operators after 8 h work, the results of their routine blood and urine analyses, liver and kidney functions, and ECG are within the normal range, but there is an obvious tendency towards decline in R.B.C. Hb. Conversely, there is an obvious tendency towards ascent in W.B.C, creatinine and urea nitrogen, which have remarkable significance through statistic analysis. In Conclusion, agricultural-use rare earths will produce a certain biological response but it is yet within the normal range and there are no findings for damage effect on organism.更多还原