【摘要】 阐述了稀土元素应用于汽车尾气净化催化剂的意义,讨论了氧化铈和氧化镧的催化作用机制及其影响因素,并对其发展前景进行了展望。汽车尾气净化普遍使用铂铑基贵金属三元催化剂。为了解决Pt,Rh的供需矛盾,应用稀土(氧化铈和氧化镧)作为添加剂,降低Pt,Rh用量、扩大Pd基催化剂应用是研究开发的热点。据研究,氧化铈和氧化镧催化作用机制主要是提高活性涂层的催化活性,自动调节空气燃料比和助催化作用,并能提高载体的热稳定性和机械强度等性能。影响氧化铈和氧化镧催化性能的因素主要为共助作用、添加方法、ZrO2,CuO,AgO等其他氧化物的协同作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The importance of rare earth being applied in the catalyst for cleansing the exhaust gas out of car was introduced. The acting mechanism of ceria and lanthana in catalyst and its influencing factor were discussed, and its prospect was forecasted. PtRh precious metals threeway catalyst is widely used for decontaminating the exhaust gas of car now. Ceria and lanthana, which can decrease the content of PtRh and increase the content of Pd in the catalyst, are used as additive in the decontaminating catalyst in order to solve the problem between the supply and demand of Pt and Rh. It is reported that to increase the activity of the coat on catalyst, regulate automatically the ratio of air and fuel, act as catalystaccelerator, and improve its properties such as the thermal stability and strength may primarily account for the catalyzing mechanism of ceria and lanthana. The factors, such as their interaction, additive method, and effects of co catalyst ZrO2, CuO, AgO, etc., will remarkably influence the catalyzing function of ceria and lanthana.更多还原