【摘要】 1992年我国科学家钱学森提出处理“开放的复杂巨系统”有关复杂问题的理论框架,称为综合集成研讨厅体系(HWME)。本文主要的构思是利用万维网(www)等技术来实现研讨厅体系。所完成的工作可概括为如下三点:(1)提出广义专家群体的概念,围绕着将要研讨的问题,通过万维网,获得针对问题的“权威”网页和“中心”网页,这些网页的集合及作为人的群体,构成广义专家群体。研讨厅是广义专家群体充分利用信息技术进行交互作用的场所。(2)以学习型组织理论为基础,并集成其它有关“研讨”的优点,提供专家在研讨过程中的有效互动规范。由于思维具有社会性,专家群体中存在微妙的动态复杂性,存在着习惯性防卫等交流障碍,有效的互动规范是必要的。(3)借鉴万维网中从整体考虑链接的方法,考虑专家的发言,类似于www的一个网页,而专家是网页的创建者,这样一来广义专家的研讨过程,或者进一步说,广义专家互动形成的网络链接结构可以用有向属性图表示。由于HWME的结构和www具有结构相似性,所以采用网络中“超链接导致主题搜索”(HITS)的思想与方法,建立综合集成研讨厅体系的链接结构分析方法。 本文的工作表明,基于学习型组织互动规范下的专家群体研讨过程是产生知识的过程,群体智慧通过广义专家群体互动而涌现出来。更多还原

【Abstract】 The hall for workshop of meta-synthetic engineering (HWME) is the theory framework proposed by Tsien to solve the complicated problem through the collective wisdom of the group of the experts and the capability of the computer, which consists of the group of the experts, the computer, the Internet and Intranet. The central issue we address within our framework is the realization of the HWME by means of the technology on www. This paper deals with three aspects of our work fulfilled. Firstly, the concept of the generalized experts is proposed, which consists of the experts and the set of the authority or hub web pages retrieved from www on some certain topic. Secondly, the rules of effective interactions between or among individuals are derived from the learning organization and seminar, so experts are induced to expose their own thinking effectively and make that thinking open to the influence of others, and are allowed to discover insights not attainable individually, and thus enter into a genuine 憈hinking together? Thirdly, the effective interactions lead to the network structure of a responded environment, which is characterized by a directed graph, where the vertex with both an opinion quality attribute and a response quality attribute represents the dialogue and discussion of one expert each time, and the directed edge is the response in the dialogue content. Compared to the network in www, the dialogue or discussion of one expert each time is similar to one web page created, and the response embedded in the dialogue content is similar to the hyperlink embodied in the content of the web page. So there is a structure analogy between the network of HWME and that of www, we apply the concept of the tools understanding and inferring www, i.e. HITS, and have developed a set of algorithmic tools for understanding and emerging the collective wisdom from the link structures in HWME, i.e. the analysis of link structure of HWME.Our work in the paper demonstrates that HWME is a system creating knowledge, which applies the collective wisdom to solve the complicated problem. And the collective wisdom is emerged from the interaction between or among individuals, existing in the network resulted from the interactions.更多还原