【摘要】 比较了经高静水压力处理已萌动的水稻 (OryzasativaL .)粤香占筛选的突变株系粤压Ⅰ号、突变 1、突变 2和对照粤香占的农艺性状和光合特性。与对照相比 ,突变株系株高、有效穗数、收获指数等性状都存在明显差异 ,空秕粒率降低 ,理论产量有不同程度的提高 ,籽粒的长 宽比值也均较对照提高。突变株系光补偿点和光饱和点升高 ,孕穗 灌浆期的净光合速率和表观量子效率增幅较大。突变株系增产的主要原因可能是孕穗 灌浆期净光合速率和表观量子效率的急剧增加。结果表明萌动种子用高静水压处理的方法可能成为一种获得高产优质水稻品种的育种途径更多还原

【Abstract】 The germinated seeds of conventional rice variety Yuexiangzhan were treated with high hydrostatic pressure (75 MPa) for 8 hours. During the rice plant growth and maturation period, three mutants, named Mutant 1, Mutant 2 and YueyaⅠ, had been selected in the field and no significant segregations were observed in their progenies being planted for 2 and 5 seasons. In this paper, we compared the agronomic traits and photosynthetic characteristics of the three mutated strains with the control variety (Yuexiangzhan). The results indicated that:(1) some agronomic traits including plant height,effective panicles, harvest index, and empty and shrink grain rate changed obviously.(2) the theoretical grain yield of three mutated strains, YueyaⅠ,Mutant 2 and Mutant 1,increased by 28.16%,26.03%,12.09%,respectively.(3)Length/width ratio of grain in mutants was larger than that of the control,showing that the rice apparent quality was improved.(4)Light compensation point (LCP) and light saturation point (LSP) of photosynthesis were higher in three mutated strains than in the control, and net photosynthetic rate (P n) and apparent quantum yield (AQY) increased considerably during booting-filling stage. The higher grain yield in mutated strains was mainly due to abundant carbohydrate synthesis and transfer to grains during booting-filling stage .We suggested that it might be a possible way to breed rice varieties with high yield and high quality by using high hydrostatic pressure treatment.更多还原