【摘要】 19世纪中叶,中俄两个相邻的封建大国走向了截然不同的发展道路。19世纪下半叶,俄国掀起了两次侵华高潮。第一次是19世纪中叶,俄国利用英法发动鸦片战争之机割占了中国东北和西北边疆150多万平方公里的土地;第二次是19世纪末,俄国推行"和平征服"中国的策略,诱迫清政府签订《中俄密约》,获取了在中国东北修筑中东铁路的特权,使东北成了俄国独占的势力范围。十月革命后,苏俄政府宣布废除沙皇政府与中国签订的一系列不平等条约,但由于种种原因,这一正确的决定未能付诸实施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the middle of nineteen century,the two neighbouring feudal monarchies China and Russia moved on a quite different road.In the latter half of the century,Russia set off an upsurge of invading China for two times.In the middle of the century when Britain and France launched the Opium war,Russia made use of the opportunity to occupy the frontier territories of the N.E. and N.W.China as much as 1.5 million sq.kilometers.At the end of the century,Russia pursued the tactics of a peaceful conquest of China and inveigled the government of the Ching Dynasty into signing a Sino-Russian secret treaty by which Russia gained a chartered right to build the Zhongdong Railway in the N.E.China and lorded it over the Dongbei China.After the October Revolution,the soviet government proclaimed that a whole series of the unequel treaties would be abolished,but this right decision was never put into practice.更多还原