【摘要】 针对我国航天领域某重点项目的研制任务,设计了一台氦气体轴承低温透平膨胀机,并对其热力性能进行了分析和讨论.提出了一种考虑膨胀机整体热力性能及机械性能的透平膨胀机系统多目标优化方法.解决了透平膨胀机使用不同工质时相似准则的选取方法,进而在自行开发的较为完善的透平膨胀机一元流动性能预测程序的基础上,获得了模化时所应遵循的相似准则数.以人工神经网络为基础实现了透平膨胀机的性能转换问题.试验结果表明,所研制的氦气体轴承透平膨胀机的绝热效率大于71%;在出口温度为12 8K时,膨胀机效率已达到75%;膨胀机的最大制冷量接近2kW.更多还原

【Abstract】 To accomplish the research task of helium turboexpander used in an important item of space area, a helium turboexpander using gas bearings has been designed. The thermal performance of this helium turboexpander is discussed, and a multiple objects optimization design for whole performance of a radialaxial flow cryogenic turboexpander is developed.A method of selecting similarity criteria for different working fluids in turboexpander is proposed. In theoretical research on predicting the thermal performance of expansion turbine, an effective performance prediction program based on a onedimensional analysis of expansion turbine is developed, and the similarity criteria used to simulate modeling tests are obtained. Furthermore, the artificial neural network is used to deal with the transforming problem of turbine performance. The efficiency of this turbine has been increased to 75% at the exit temperature 128 K, and the system cooling capacity 2 kW has been obtained.更多还原