【摘要】 油层结垢是油田注水开发中主要油层伤害类型,严重影响油田开发的经济效益。为了解决油田结垢伤害问题,国内外各油田采用了机械除垢、化学除垢等多种方法,并开发了针对不同油田、不同垢类的除垢、防垢产品,但到目前为止还没有找到一种经济实用、简单易行,并能从根本上解决该问题的有效方法。针对该难题,首次提出了一种防治结垢新方法———油田水源混配防垢法。该方法主要是通过采用地层水或油田污水与注入水在地表提前以最佳比例混配,用Ca(OH)2调节pH值,一方面可去除水中的Ba2+、Ca2+、Fe3+、SO2-3、S2-等成垢离子,避免地层水和注入水在油层内相遇而3、CO2+4、CO2、HCO-结垢,达到保护油层的目的;另一方面使铁进入腐蚀钝化区,防止输水管道结垢与锈蚀。此方法改变了传统的防垢、除垢思路,把地层水或油田污水作为除垢的沉淀剂,通过在地表提前消除混合水中的成垢离子,实现了对各种成垢物的一次性清除,不但防止了油层结垢伤害,而且解决了输水管道结垢与锈蚀问题,同时还可实现油田污水的利用。该法可大大降低采油成本,并适用于任何油田。更多还原

【Abstract】 Formation scaling is the primary type of formation damage in water injection of oilfield, which severely influences economic effect. To resolve the problem of formation scaling and formation damage, mechanic descaling and chemical descaling are used at home and abroad, and many products are developed against different kinds of oil field and scaling for descaling and antiscaling.As yet, there is not any economical, simple approach to resolve the formation scaling completely. To resolve the difficult problem,a new method, namely a scaling prevention utilizing mixing of water sources is firstly proposed. Namely,by mixing formation water or oilfield water with injected water at a optimal proportion on earth surface and using Ca（OH）2 to control the pH value and remove the Ba²⁺,Ca²⁺,Fe³⁺,SO^2-4,CO2,HCO^-3,CO²⁺3,S^2- in the mixed water, the scaling problem can be avoided when the formation water meets injected water in oil layer under deep ground and achieve the goal which oil layer is protected.In addlition, it makes the iron to enter a passivation area of corrosion and prevent scaling and rusting of water line. The methodchanges traditional thinking of descaling and antiscaling and takes formation water or oilfield water as the precipitating agent of desalting. Removing the ionics which form the scaling in the mixed water achieves the goal in which sulphate scaling, carbonate scaling and ferreous compound scaling are removed. The method of descaling not only prevent formation scaling and formation damage,but also prevent scaling and rusting of water line, and oilfield water can be recycled too. The method makes oil production cost decline , and it is suitable for any oilfield.更多还原