【摘要】 目的 :预测辛硫磷防治家蝇造成的抗性趋势 ;方法 :用辛硫磷对家蝇进行室内选育 ,用点滴法测定家蝇的抗性水平 ,无选择压力下饲养观察家蝇对辛硫磷的敏感性变化 ,观察不同抗性水平家蝇的生物学 ;结果 :经过 8次辛硫磷处理 ,家蝇抗性水平RF由 3 8上升到 63 3 ,而在无选择压力下 3 0代后 ,家蝇抗性水平RF从 44衰退到 16。用辛硫磷处理的家蝇对胺菊酯、氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯的敏感性上升 ,LD50 分别下降了 71 7%、5 4 1%和 45 1% ,而对乙酰甲胺磷、益必添、杀螟松及溴氰菊酯敏感性下降 ,LD50 分别上升了 2 71 0 %、10 5 7%、66 0 %和 5 5 0 % ,而 5 %的残杀威对家蝇的 2 4h死亡率只有 2 0 %。低抗性水平家蝇成蝇大量发生早于高抗性水平家蝇 ,其蛹期内的前 6d蛹量占整个世代的约 5 0 % ,而高抗性水平家蝇仅占 2 5 0 %左右 ;结论 :家蝇对辛硫磷抗性增长速度远远大于抗性衰退的速度。用辛硫磷防治家蝇时不宜连续使用 ,可以与辛硫磷轮用的菊酯类杀虫剂有胺菊酯、氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯。化学方法防治低抗性水平的家蝇应在种群大量发生的早期进行 ,而防治高抗性水平的家蝇应该采用有长期控制作用的方法更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To predict the resistance tendency of houseflies to phoxim. Methods:The houseflies were selcected with phoxim in the laboratory.The resistance level to insecticides in the housefly was measurd by topical experiment. The susceptibility of houseflies to phoxim was surveyed in the laboratory without pressure of any insecticides.The biological differences of housefly strains were studied. Results:The resistance level (RF) rose from 38 to 633 folds treated with phoxim for 8 generations in the laboratory. However, it declined from 44 to 16 folds when the selection was removed. The housefly selected with phoxim was more susceptible to tetramethrin, permethrin and cypermethrin,whose LD 50 decreased by 71.7%,54.1% and 45.1% respectively,and more resistant to acephate,EBT, fenitrotrion and deltamethrin,whose LD 50 increased by 271.0%,105.7%,66.0% and 55.0%.Meanwhile, the mortality of 24h of the housefly treated with 5% propoxur was 20% only.The outburst of low-resistant population was earlier than that of high one and the former of which pupae within first 6 days account for 50% of amounts in the whole pupa period,and that of the later account for 25% merely.Conclusion:The development of resistance to phoxim in the housefly is at high speed. On the contrary,the decline of resistance is very slow.It is improper to control houseflies continually with phoxim only. Phoxim should be alternated with tetramethrin, permethrin or cypermethrin.Chemicals should be applied in the earlier period of bursting to control low-resistant population and the methods of sustainable effect should be taken to control high-resistant population.更多还原