【摘要】 运用胶体化学法合成了尺寸可控的二氧化硅 (SiO2 )亚微米溶胶小球 .透射电子显微镜 (TEM)结果显示样品平均尺寸可从 2 0 0nm变化至 60 0nm ,单分散性较高、平均标准偏差小于 5 % .通过自然沉积法 ,由溶胶SiO2 小球自组织晶化制备了人工蛋白石晶体 (opal晶体 )结构 .样品的剖面扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)检测表明 ,样品为面心立方 (fcc)结构 .分析表明 ,较高的单分散性和缓慢的沉积过程是SiO2 溶胶小球自组织晶化成三维有序结构的关键因素 .反射谱中峰位在 13 2 0nm处的反射峰的出现 ,意味着样品在宏观尺度上的有序排列 ,同时也证明样品在 ( 111)方向具有光子晶体的方向带隙性质更多还原

【Abstract】 Highly monodispersed colloidal silica spheres in submicrometer sizes were synthesized by a chemical method.The sizes of silica spheres measured by transmission electron microscopy range from 200 to 600 nm in diameter, and its distribution standard deviation is less than 5%.Scanning Electron Microscopy images show that using self-crystallization of the silica spheres, we have successfully obtained artificial opals with the three dimensional close-packed, face-centered cubic (fcc) silica matrixes. Reflection spectra study reveals that artificial opals show (111) directional photonic band-gap features.更多还原