【摘要】 在中国科学院红壤生态开放实验站布置田间长期定位试验,研究施肥条件下瘠薄红壤的肥力恢复特征,本文报道土壤生物化学性状的变化。结果表明,年施有机物料4500~9000kg/hm2时,5年后不同瘠薄红壤的表土有机C含量可提高2.1~7.5g/kg,全N含量提高0.18~0.71g/kg;而单施化肥的处理土壤有机C含量平均仅提高2.0g/kg,全N含量提高0.22g/kg。在施用较高量有机肥的情况下(9000 kg/hm2),5年后表土有机C含量从原来的1.3~3.0g/kg提高到7.0~9.7g/kg,全N含量从原来的0.34 ~ 0.41g/kg提高到0.70 ~ 1.05g/kg,该值已接近一般旱地红壤的含量水平。积累量也因母质、利用方式、施肥量的不同而异。施用有机肥还明显增加大团聚体中有机C的含量和比例,提高土壤酶活性和微生物数量,对改善养分有效性和土壤有机质品质有显著作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 A long-term field experiment was conducted at the Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences in order to investigate rehabilitation of fertility in infertile red soils with application of fertilizers. This paper reported mainly results of the experiment about changes in soil biochemical properties. Application of organic manure at a rate of 4500~9000kg/hm2 for 5 years increased organic carbon content by 2.1~7.5g/kg and total nitrogen by 0.18~0.71g/kg in surface 20cm of infertile red soils, while application of inorganic fertilizers only by 2.0g/kg and 0.22g/kg, respectively. When the application rate of organic manure was 9000kg/hm2, 5 years?application could increase the organic carbon content from 1.3~3.0g/kg to 7.0~9.7g/kg and the total nitrogen from 0.34~0.41g/kg to 0.70~1.05g/kg in surface 20cm of infertile red soils, which were close to the level of normal upland red soil. Organic matter accumulation also varied with the parent material, landuse pattern and organic manure application rate. Application of organic manure, moreover, significantly increased the content and ratio of organic carbon in macroaggregates, enzyme activity, microorganism population, indicating its important role for improving nutrient availability and organic matter quality.更多还原