【摘要】 通过田间试验研究不同地表覆盖旱作水稻和水作水稻全生育期内水分需求特征与水分利用效率。结果表明,水作稻田当季用水总量是旱作稻田的3倍多,旱作盖草处理的灌溉量为434.5m3/hm2,仅相当于水作的24.6%。不同处理的水分利用效率为:盖草>覆膜>裸露>水作,且旱作与水作间差异极显著。水作、覆膜、盖草和裸露的产量分别为:8250,7207,7867,7253kg/hm2,统计分析结果显示,盖草旱作与水作间产量差异不显著,这表明盖草旱作是一项效果最好的技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 A field experiment was conducted to study water demand and water use efficiency of rice crop cultivated under waterlogged and aerobic soil mulched with different materials throughout the whole growing season. The results suggested that the total amount of water used by rice in waterlogged condition was 3 times more than that of rice cultivated under aerobic soil condition. About 74% water was lost by vertical leaching in paddy field,the evaporation between rows in waterlogged soil was much high than in aerobic soil which was inhibited greatly by mulched materials. The amount of water irrigated in the treatment mulched with straw was only 24.6% compared with that of paddy rice. The water use efficiency of paddy rice was significantly different from the others at 1% level, the order of which was as follows: straw mulching> plastics film> uncover> paddy. The rice grain yield in paddy, in aerobic soil mulched with plastics film, crop straw and without mulching were 8 250, 7 207, 7 867 and 7 253 kg/hm2, respectively, but the statistic results indicated that there was no significant difference between straw mulching and paddy treatments, showing that the rice could be grown in aerobic soil.更多还原