【摘要】 鸡粪中含有蛋白质、钙、磷等元素,是一种极具开发潜力的蛋白质资源。使鸡粪变成饲料的方法有很多,其中膨化是一种较好的方法,但至今还没有专门的研究。膨化方法不仅基本不改变原料的成分,而且使原料的适口性更好。根据鸡粪的特性,鸡粪专用膨化机采用的是等距、等深、长径比小、压力角大的单头螺杆,加工与热处理工艺简单,造价低。内、外套筒都是整体式的,内套筒表面开有与螺杆旋向相反的螺旋沟槽。设计的模板是单孔的。通过对鸡粪的膨化试验,得出了将鸡粪加工成饲料的膨化工艺参数。在膨化前,鸡粪必须进行脱水和去鸡毛处理。膨化腔内的温度和鸡粪的含水率是影响饲料质量的主要因素,适宜的温度约为150℃,含水率应保持在20％～25％左右。添加的麦麸不影响膨化率,但生产率却随着麦麸的增加而提高。经检测,膨化鸡粪饲料样品无毒,大肠杆菌等有害物质含量符合有关饲料标准的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are coarse proteins, coarse fiber, calcium, phosphorus and other minerals, etc. in chicken excrement, and it is a protein source with potential exploitation prospect. There are many methods to turn chicken excrement into feed, among which the extrusion method is better, but the special research on extruding process for chicken excrement has not yet been done so far. The extruding process not only doesn’ t change the composition of the raw materials, but also makes raw materials more edible. According to the properties of chicken excrement, the designed screw is a single threaded screw with equal depth and thread pitch, smaller slenderness ratio and bigger pressure angle. Because this kind of screw only needs simple technology of manufacture and heat treatment, the manufacturing cost is low. Both inner and outer sleeves are manufactured in whole. There are slots which revolve in the reverse direction of the screw on the inside surface of the inner sleeve. The designed die plate has only one hole. Finally, the extrusion experiments have been done using this special extruder, from which the extruding technological parameters for turning the chicken excrement into feed are obtained. Before extrusion, the chicken excrement must be dehydrated and the feather in it must be removed. The temperature and moisture content of excrement are the main factors affecting feed properties, the proper temperature is about 150℃, and the moisture should be maintained about 20% - 25% . Although the added wheat bran doesn’ t affect the extrusion ratio, the productivity increases with the increase of the added wheat bran. The test report shows that the sample of chicken excrement feed is nontoxic, and the content of such harmful materials as colon bacillus meets the safe requirements of feed.更多还原