【摘要】 为进一步阐明左心室流出道（主动脉前庭）自律细胞的特性,及其与窦房结细胞的异同,本实验利用常规的玻璃微电极细胞内记录技术,观察了一些离子通道阻断剂分别对离体兔窦房结起搏细胞与左心室流出道慢反应自律细胞的电生理特性的影响,重点探讨了这两种自律细胞的0期、4期去极离子流的异同。结果表明:（1）用1μmol/L维拉帕米（verapamil,VER）灌流后,窦房结及主动脉前庭自律细胞的动作电位幅值（APA）、0相最大除极速率(V_max)、最大舒张电位（MDP）绝对值、舒张期除极速率（VDD）、自发放电频率（RPF）均明显下降,复极90％时间(APD₉₀)延长（P<0.05）。（2）用180μmol/L氯化镍（NiCl₂）灌流,两自律细胞的VDD均明显下降;APA、V_max和RPF也显著降低,且窦房结细胞的APD₉₀明显延长。（3）给予2 mmol/L 4-氨基吡啶（4-AP）后,窦房结及主动脉前庭自律细胞的VDD均明显增快,MDP绝对值、APA和V_max显著下降,APD₉₀明显延长（P<0.05）。（4）给予2 mmol/L氯化铯（CsCl）,两自律细胞的VDD及RPF均明显变慢。结果提示:（1）主动脉前庭自发慢反应电位的0相、4相去极离子流及复极离子流均与窦房结优势起搏细胞相似。（2）主动脉前庭起搏细胞Ca²⁺内流为其0相主要去极离子流,复极过程主要由K⁺外流引起,4相自动除极以K⁺外流衰减为主,另外更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of the pacemaker cells in the left ventricular outflow tract （aortic vestibule） and compare them with those of the cells in the sinoatrial node （SAN）. By using conventional intracellular microelectrode technique to record their action potentials, some ionic channel blockers were used to observe their electrophysiological effects on the two types of pacemaker cells in the rabbit, especially on the ionic movement during phase 0 and phase 4. The results obtained are as follows. （1） Perfusion with 1 μmol/L verapamil （VER） resulted in a significant reduction in the amplitude of action potential （APA）, maximal rate of depolarization (V_max, absolute value of the maximal diastolic potential（MDP）, velocity of diastolic depolarization （VDD） and rate of pacemaker firing（RPF）, and also a prolongation of the 90% of the duration of action potential ( APD₉₀ in the pacemaker cells of the SAN and aortic vestibule（P<0.05）.（2）Perfusion with 180μmol/L nickel chloride（NiCl₂） resulted in a decrease in VDD in the two types of the pacemaker cells （P<0.01 ）. APA, V_max and RPF fell notably, and the APD₉₀ prolonged in the sinoatrial node cells（P<0.05）. （3） 2mmol/L 4-aminopyridine （4-AP） led to a increase in VDD in both types of pacemaker cells （P<0.01）. At the same time the absolute values of MDP, APA and V_max decreased significantly, and APD₉₀ prolonged notably （P<0.05）. During the perfusion, RPF in SAN increased markedly, while RPF in aortic vestibule exhibited no significant change. （4） 2 mmol/L cesium chloride （CsCl） led to a decrease in VDD and RPF in the two types of the pacemaker cells（P<0.05）. These results suggested: （1） the ion currents in phase 0 and phase 4 of depolarization and repolarization of slow-response activity in aortic vestibule are similar to those in dominant pacemaker cells of sinoatrial node; （2）for the pacemaker cells in the left ventricular outflow tract, Ca²⁺ current is the main depolarizing ion current of the phase 0, K⁺ current is the main factor responsible for the repolarization. Attenuation of K⁺ current is responsible for the phase 4 spontaneous depolarization. In addition, it seems that I_Ca-T, I_Ca-T, and I_f play some role in the pacemaker currents.更多还原