【摘要】 [目的 ]　了解寄宿民族高中生膳食营养素摄入情况 ,为探讨防治对策提供依据。　 [方法 ]　采用 2 4h膳食记录和称重法 ,连续 7d调查某中学民族寄宿高中生的膳食 ,并进行营养知识调查和实验室生化检查。　 [结果 ]　能量和蛋白质能满足生理需求 ,优质蛋白质摄入量适宜 ,但脂肪摄入能量占总能量的百分比男女生分别为中国居民膳食指南及平衡膳食宝塔推荐摄入量 (RNI)的 45 2 %和 376% ,而蔬菜水果为RNI的 43.6%和 35 .6% ,钙、铁、锌和维生素A、维生素C摄入不足 ,缺铁性贫血患病率女生明显高于男生 ,对《膳食宝塔》的知晓率和健康教育课对营养知识的灌输率均不足2 0 %。　 [结论 ]　该校民族寄宿高中生的膳食结构不合理 ,5 0 %的男女生均存在发生钙、锌和维生素A缺乏的危险 ,5 0 %的女生存在发生铁和维生素C缺乏的危险 ,应引起有关部门的重视 ,加强营养教育 ,尽快达到平衡饮食和合理营养的要求更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the status of nutritional intake of boarding senior high school students of minor nations in Shanghai, to provide scientific basis for the couter measures of prevention and cure. Adopting the method of recording and weigh the diet of students in 24 hours for 7 successive days in a boarding senior high school with students of minor nations, as well as making a survey of nutritional knowledge of students and carrying out biochemical tests of students in laboratory. The quantity of heat and protein intake could satisfy the physiological needs,the quantity of high quality protein intake was normal,but the quantity of fat intake was 452% of RNI for male students and 376% for female students and the quantity of vegetables and fruit intake was 43.6% for boys and 35.6% for girls. The quantity of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A and vitamin C intake were insufficient. The rate of iron deficiency anemia in girls was apparently higher than that of the boys. The rate of knowing Chinese DRIs and the rate of inculcation of the nutritive knowledge in the health education lessons were both less than 20%. [Conclusion] Dietary structure of the boarding students was not reasanable. There is danger of calcium, iron, zinc and vitamin A deficiency for 50% of students accepting the survey. 50% of the girl students had danger of iron and vitamin C deficiency. The related department should pay more attention to this problem, to strengthen the education on nutrition, and reach the goal of serving balanced diet with reasonable nutrition.更多还原